1. Religions of Europe Map

2. Judaism, Islam, & Christianity
Monotheistic
Religions
Judaism, Islam, & Christianity

3. Learning Target SS6G10 I will describe the major religions in Europe:
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

4. Judaism, Islam, & Christianity
Monotheistic
Religions
Judaism, Islam, & Christianity

5. What else do they have in common?
Monotheism
Judaism, Christianity, & Islam are major religions practiced in Europe.
Followers of each practice monotheism, a belief in one god.
What else do they have in common?

6. Similarities All three believe in one god (monotheistic).
They all started in Southwest Asia.
They can trace their roots to Abraham as the father of their faith.
Jerusalem is the holiest city in the world for Jews and Christians, and the third holiest city for Muslims.
All three have an important messenger and book of teachings.

7. Jerusalem, Israel

8. Judaism

9. Judaism Key Beliefs Judaism is the religion of Jews.
It was founded by Abraham around 2000 BCE.
Jews believe that God gave Moses the Ten Commandments.
They believe that a messiah (savior) will lead them to the Promised Land.

10. Judaism
Jews believe that they descended from Abraham and Sarah, the first people to worship Yahweh (God).
Abraham lived at least 3,700 years ago in what is now Iraq.

11. The Torah
Abraham & Sarah

12. How do you feel about this?
Judaism
Holy Book
The Jewish holy book is the Torah, which is the oral and written laws of the Jews.
Worship
Jews worship in synagogues and temples. (Led by a Rabbi)
“What is hateful to you, do not to your neighbor.”
How do you feel about this?

13. Judaism Holy Days-Practices and Rituals
Shabbat—Friday sundown to Saturday (Day of Rest)
Rosh Hashanah: Jewish New Year’s Day.
Yom Kippur: known as the Day of Atonement. People fast (go without food) and pray on this day.
Passover: festival that retells the story of the Israelites fleeing Egypt.
Judaism

14. Christianity

15. Christianity Key Beliefs
Christianity actually has its roots in Judaism.
Christians believe in Jesus, who preached a new religion of love and kindness around 30 CE.
Christians believe that Jesus was the messiah (savior).
God-Jesus/God

16. Christianity The Bible is the main holy book for Christians.
It consists of the Old Testament and the New Testament.

17. Christianity Denominations
Christians are grouped by many denominations.
Examples include Catholicism, Orthodox, and Protestantism.
All denominations of Christians follow the teachings of Jesus.
Worship
Christians worship in churches and chapels usually on Sundays.

18. Christianity Holy Days (Practices and Rituals) Sunday-Day of Rest
Sundays day of rest.
Sunday-Day of Rest
Christmas: Jesus’ birthday.
Good Friday: day Jesus was crucified.
Easter: most important day of Christian calendar; believed to be the day that Jesus rose from the dead.
Holy Days (Practices and Rituals)

19. Islam

20. Islam Key Beliefs Islam began around 610 CE in Southwest Asia.
Followers of Islam are called Muslims, and the founder is Muhammad.
Muslims believe that Muhammad is the last and greatest prophet of Islam.
Other prophets include Abraham, Moses, & Jesus.
God: In Arabic, Islam means “surrender” to the will of Allah (God).

22. Islam Holy Book The Muslim holy book is the Qur’an (Koran).
It states how people should live their lives.
Practices and Rituals: The Five Pillars of Faith (obligations all Muslims must fulfill in their lifetime).

23. (the main duties of Muslims)
Islam
Five Pillars of Faith:
(the main duties of Muslims)
1. Prayer, 5 times a day
2. Giving to charity,
3. Belief in one God (Allah),
4. Fasting during the month of Ramadan,
5. Trip to Mecca (hajj) once in a lifetime.

24. Place of worship is a Mosque. The Grand Mosque in Mecca

25. Two letters written by Muhammad…so old!

26. Muhammad’s Hat, Robe, & Staff
Muhammad’s Swords

27. A piece of Muhammad’s hair
One of Muhammad’s sandals

28. The Green Dome in Medina
Muhammad’s grave lies under the Green Dome. (This is his casket.)

29. The Grand Mosque in Mecca