1. Feeding Relationships
There are 3 main types of feeding relationships
1. Producer - Consumer
2. Predator - Prey
3. Parasite - Host
How do they trap the sun’s energy? Through what process? What is that process similar to in animal cells?

2. Feeding Relationships
Producer- all autotrophs (plants), they trap energy from the sun
Bottom of the food chain
How do they trap the sun’s energy? Through what process? What is that process similar to in animal cells?

3. Feeding Relationships
Consumer- all heterotrophs: they ingest food containing the sun’s energy
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores
Decomposers
Energy moves up the food chain through the producer/consumer relationship.

4. Feeding Relationships
CONSUMERS
Primary consumers
Eat plants
Herbivores
Secondary, tertiary … consumers
Prey animals
Carnivores or Omnivores
Herbivores are the 1st step up the food chain, they eat the producers

5. Feeding Relationships
Consumer-Carnivores-eat meat
Predators
Hunt prey
animals for food.
Scavengers are a type of carnivore that eat dead animals, or carrion. Vultures, hyenas, crabs, deep sea fish-talk about distance from the sun and must eat the dead things that sink to the bottom, bottom feeders

6. Feeding Relationships
Consumer- Carnivores- eat meat
Scavengers
Feed on carrion,
dead animals
Scavengers are a type of carnivore that eat dead animals, or carrion. Vultures, hyenas, crabs, deep sea fish-talk about distance from the sun and must eat the dead things that sink to the bottom, bottom feeders

7. Feeding Relationships
Consumer- Omnivores -eat both plants
and animals
Humans and bears are omnivores but a large and important subset of omnivores are the decomposers. They breakdown dead producers and release the energy back into circulation.

8. Feeding Relationships
Consumer- Decomposers
Breakdown the complex compounds of dead and decaying plants and animals into simpler molecules that can be absorbed
Humans and bears are omnivores but a large and important subset of omnivores are the decomposers. They breakdown dead producers and release the energy back into circulation.

9. Label Your Organism: Producer, Herbivore, Carnivore, Omnivore, Decomposer, or Scavenger

10. Add it to the food web, then compare food webs with a partner.
Nitrosomonas is a genus of bacteria and a decomposer in the coral reef.
Add it to the food web, then compare food webs with a partner.

11. Energy Flow
Food chain- simple model that shows how energy moves through an ecosystem in ONE direction
The ARROW shows where the ENERGY goes!

12. Trophic Levels
Each link in a food chain is known as a trophic level.
Trophic levels represent a feeding step in the transfer of energy in an ecosystem.

13. Trophic Levels
Only 10% of the energy is able to be stored in the organisms tissues and transferred to the next trophic level.
The rest of the energy was used by the organism for life processes or given off as heat.

15. Energy Flow
Food web- shows all possible feeding relationships in a community at each trophic level
Represents a network of interconnected food chains
Remember: ARROW = ENERGY

16. Food chain Food web
(just 1 path of energy) (all possible energy paths)

21. Biomass
Biomass- the amount of organic matter comprising a group of organisms in a habitat.
As you move up a food chain, both available energy AND biomass decrease.
WHY???

22. Ecological Pyramids 3 Types: Biomass Pyramid (Kg)
Amount of living tissue in an ecosystem
Energy Pyramid (J or C)
Flow of energy in an ecosystem
Pyramid of Numbers
Number of organisms in each trophic level
These 3 types may be combined!

24. Biomass Pyramid
Note: Kilogram (Kg)
is a unit of mass.

25. E N R G Y Energy Pyramid Producers- Autotrophs 0.1% 1% 10%
Heat E N R G Y
0.1%
Tertiary consumers- top carnivores 1%
Heat
Secondary consumers-small carnivores
Heat
10%
Primary consumers- Herbivores
100%
Producers- Autotrophs

26. Energy Pyramid
Note:
Joules (J) & Kilocalories (C) are units of energy

27. Pyramid of Numbers