Straight Truck Operation

Straight Truck Operation

PRE-TRIP INSPECTIONS Know the entire vehicle, inside and out, before driving 15 minutes can prevent so much hassle and anxiety for the day, take the time and opportunity to seriously appraise your most valuable asset for the day.

TAKE NOTHING FOR GRANTED
Inspections keep you safer, as well as prepared Inside and out, familiarize yourself with all vehicle components prior to departing, their location or condition can be critical. Check overdrive, DEF, etc.

TAKE THE TIME TO DOIT RIGHT!
Ignoring inspections can cost you, and others Drivers can face legal liability when vehicle faults are a determined cause of a preventable accident, don’t become the root cause of a tragedy.

15 MINUTES VS A LOST MORNING
Failure to inspect leads to “lost” time also. Ever get to the job and find you have no equipment, no cargo? A simple inspection could have saved a lot of time, a lot of trouble and expense.

1. Pertaining to the vehicle inspection, which is correct?
a) Air pressure in the front tires should be 10% lower than all others. b) More than 10 degrees of play in the steering wheel can make it difficult to steer. c) Mismatched tires on duals are allowed if the tread design matches 2. Commercial vehicles should be equipped with the following emergency equipment: a) Properly charged and rated fire extinguisher. b) (3) red reflective triangles c) Spare electrical fuses d) All the above

3. You are checking your wheels and rims, which of these statements are
true: a) Rust around wheel nuts may mean they are loose. b) Cracked wheels or rims can be used if they are welded. c) A vehicle can be safely driven with one missing lug nut on a wheel. 4. What helps keep the engine cool in hot weather? a) Leave the engine in neutral on downgrades. b) Don’t fill the radiator completely full. c) Keep the engine oil at the full mark all the time. d) Don’t use antifreeze in the cooling system.

CHECK UNDER THE HOOD/CAB
Whether cab-over or conventional, learn the process to open. Verify unit is secure when raising the hood or the cab.

KNOW YOUR VEHICLE Verify “lock-bar” is engaged when raising cab.
Lock- bar “must” engage

CHECK WHEELS, AXELS Check wheels and rims, cracks or bent, stop! Check tires Look for chunks out of sidewalls, check between dual tire sets for debris wedged in, do you have the right tread depth? Front 4/32, all other 2/32

KNOW YOUR TIRE CONDITIONS
What is your tread depth, scales inspectors will check 4/32 for steering tires (minimum) and 2/32 for all others (minimum).

LOOKING AT THE CAB Is everything in place? Solid mounted? Doors open and close? Fuel tank bands cracked or rusted? Mirror mounts tight? Steps and grab bar solid? Windows roll up and down? All lights clean/working. License?

WHAT’S HAPPENING DOWN UNDER?
Check each side of truck, are shackles/springs loose or missing, muffler ok Both sides of trucks, checking for rust, wear or missing items, may also include battery box or additional fuel tank, check reflectors and lights. Clean if needed.

MOUNTED ACCESSORIES Check battery box, hydraulic box for liftgates
Check batteries for connections, corrosion, secure covering. Check hydraulic box for leaks, hose fittings.

COVER YOUR REAR Check door latches, lights, license, rear frame.
Rear airbags, suspension also viewed from back. Open doors inspect load or verify empty. Check for equipment. Check lower frame, ICC guard.

HOW ABOUT THE CAB? Dash: Wipers, horn, gauges, mirrors, windows, door handles, safety equip. lights, steering, Does everything function? Glass intact? Defroster? Mirrors secure, correct angle? Fire extinguisher secure?

THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT
3264 × 2448 Belts, hoses, all reservoirs, fluid levels, wire harnesses compressor if present Exhaust system, check front brakes, (slack adjuster should pull 1”) engine must run to check power steering. Leaf Springs, check puddles

KNOW YOUR FLUID RESERVOIRS
Know your reservoirs Power steering Which of these require the motor to be running?

AS USUAL, WE DOCUMENT Document inspections every day.
Should have (2) copies, one to turn in and one stays in the truck for tomorrows driver. Should have a “sign off” for “completed repairs”.

THAT’S GONNA LEAVE A MARK!
Be aware of your vehicle height, road signs may not reflect repaving. Overpasses in town, particularly railroad crossings may be much lower than your vehicle height.

BE AWARE, KNOW YOUR OPTIONS
What do you do? On-coming vehicle in your lane, what is your safest choice, steer or brake? A head on collision should be avoided at all costs.

LEAVING THE ROADWAY Leaving the road, avoid braking till vehicle slows, wheels on shoulder, driver side set of wheels stay on the pavement. Soft shoulders can leave you “stuck”

IS YOUR LOAD STABLE, SECURED?
Inspect cargo, recognize poorly balanced weight and overloads. Driver’s responsibility. Is your load stable? Is it secured to prevent shifting?

CAN YOU SAFLEY STOP YOUR VEHICLE?
Double the speed, it will take ______ times the distance to stop. Always allow a minimum 3 seconds following distance, more in bad weather or reduced visibility or freeway speeds times

HOW SECURE IS YOUR LOAD? Blocked or strapped, all loads need to be secured “Blocking” a load traditionally fills the trailer from side to side and front to rear, basically fills the trailer to avoid shifting. Shrinkwrap helps (sticky)

E TRACK AND LOGISTIC STRAPS
Logistic straps and E Track make securing safer and easier. Yellow straps = 12’ Gray straps=16’ Blue straps=20’ carry a variety and plenty of them.

COMMON METHODS TO SECURE LOADS
Are your vehicles properly equipped, e-track, straps or cargo bars depending on the items being transported, Notice “E” shows horizontal e-track, the right equipment for moving /securing your load is a must. Vertical E track is available

HAVE A HELPER? USE THEM FOR SAFE BACKING?
Use a “spotter whenever possible, understand signals. Try to “back” to the “drivers side” Never “rush” back!

GET THE “BIG” PICTURE Check out traffic seconds ahead on highways. Don’t get surprised by “sudden” brake lights. Back and forth, near and far, check mirrors 10 times a minute, don’t be surprised.

LET YOUR INTENTIONS BE KNOWN
Most accidents occur/begin during lane changes or turns. Let your intentions be known early. Don’t try to force it. Signal early, continuously, and cancel the signal after completing maneuver. Give surrounding drivers a hint of what you’re planning.

WITHIN 15 MINUTES OF A BREAKDOWN
10’ , 100’, & 200’ behind on a divided highway, do not turn your back on traffic when placing triangles. On a 2-way road: 10’ & 100’ to the rear and 100’ in front of vehicle. At night, hold triangles to chest while approaching traffic. Always be aware of traffic, do not turn your back while walking back to the vehicle. Never ever stand between two vehicles on the roadside.

THE GAME CHANGES AT SUNDOWN
Night driving: Glare, fatigue, reduced vision, factors that account for why driving at night is more dangerous. Impaired or distracted drivers also can add to the mix as well as weather conditions are enhanced at night.

KEEP YOUR COOL, KEEP YOUR DISTANCE
Increase your following distance when being tail-gated. Don’t let other drivers speed you up. Angry drivers or road rage cannot force you to speed up.

FREEWAY AND HIGHWAY SPEEDS
Leave “7 seconds of space” between yourself and vehicles you are following on freeways or highways. This can be tough, but every second added can be crucial in crowded traffic with a sudden crisis.

IT CAN HAPPEN ANYTIME When tire failure occurs, stay off the brakes, grip wheel firmly and work over to the road side. Hopefully all the traffic behind you is following the 7 second rule. Do you notice the tire treads left on the highways/freeways when you drive?

Cause of skids: Over steering, over braking, over acceleration
Cause of skids: Over steering, over braking, over acceleration. You’ve lost control. Know your limitations, recognize stability factors such as weight, weight distribution, weather conditions.

IN THE EVENT AN ACCIDENT OCCURS…
After an accident, protect the area, prevent further accidents and document. Contact the office. It happened, get over it, call 911 if there are injuries, watch your comments, they can be taken out of context. Identify witnesses, information.

DO YOU SMELL SOMETHING??? In case of fire, pull off the road, keep the fire from spreading, use the correct fire extinguisher, call 911. DON’T PANIC! You should have a fully charged B:C extinguisher in your cab, do you know how to use your extinguisher?

ARE YOU ALLOWED TO HAUL HAZ-MAT?
Haz Mat rules: Assure safe drivers and equipment Special permits may be required, may not apply if limits/quantity is low enough. Find Out!

HILLS AND BRAKES You are losing brakes on a steep hill: Pump the brake, look for an escape route or ramp. Start down the hill in a lower gear designed for a safe speed, (ex. 35mph) allow your motor to act as a partial brake.

DEFROSTER WORK? WIPERS? If your vehicle cannot clear the ice from the windshield, pull over (safely) and fix the problem. This should be caught during the pre-trip inspection. Much easier to take care of in the home terminal

SLIPPERY WHEN WET Roads can be extra slippery just after rain begins.
Hydroplaning can occur in as little as 6 inches of water, watch out for low areas when out on the road.

RECOGNIZE LOSS OF TRACTION
When hydroplaning, release the accelerator, push in the clutch if standard, grip the wheel firmly, counter-steer. Don’t panic, let off the gas, firmly, but gently steer into the skid.

CROSSING DEEP PUDDLES When driving through deep puddles, gently apply brakes to help keep brake surfaces drier. Verify how deep the water is, as well as how deep it gets.

BRAKE FADE = POOR STOPPING
Brake “fade” from heat or mechanical failure, you may have to push harder, to get the same stopping power. Mechanical issue should be addressed at PTI (pre-trip inspection) Primarily a hydraulic issue

CHECK YOUR BRAKES PRIOR TO LEAVING
Test hydraulic brakes by depressing the brake pedal for (5) seconds, see if it moves. Floor travel= Fail Again, this should be part of your everyday pre-trip

AIR BRAKES ARE AFFECTED TOO
Water in your air lines or “out of adjustment” brakes can also cause brake “fade” This also applies to “air assisted” brake systems.

SOMETIMES, STEERING IS SAFER THAN BRAKING
Counter steer in vehicle emergency. Only turn as much as needed to avoid obstacle, or to recover from skid. Turn “into” the skid

WATCHOUT FOR MOTHER NATURE
Avoid strong winds, especially when empty or “light”, watch when coming out of tunnels. Remember that “7 second following distance rule”. Notice the trucks to the rear; did they see this coming?

ANGLES AND REFLECTORS On a hill or a curve, if drivers cannot see your vehicle within 500’, move your rear “triangle reflector” back.

LIGHT AND VISION GO HAND IN HAND
Do not “out drive” your headlights at night. Do you have correct headlights? Use hi beams whenever safe to do so. Do not use hi beams in fog. Remember, lights are a primary inspection point in the pre-trip.

2 sets of eyes are better than one
When backing use a spotter and back to drivers side when possible. Keep spotter to the driver side. Spotters can only attempt to direct traffic, do not let them get struck by traffic that refuses to yield., discuss signals with new helpers.

CONTROL: IT’S A GOOD THING
Whether accelerating, braking, or turning, you cannot control your vehicle when in it is “skidding”. Speed is the overall controlling factor in all these incidents, changes in the traffic or direction around you can only tolerate a fixed rate of speed or acceleration.

“IT HAPPENED SO FAST”…….
When the road is slippery, you need more space to stop, manage your space! Speed is not always your friend, not even in fair weather, let alone poor conditions.

HOW MUCH LIABILITY IS THERE FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC STRIKING THE REAR OF YOUR TRUCK.
Proper placement and night time safety practices, you may be all there is separating a driver/family behind you from tragedy, ever wonder who might be texting behind you? When your vehicle poses a threat to the general safety of other drivers, you are responsible. Checked your triangles lately, pre-trip?

WHAT DO YOU DO? You can almost always turn to avoid a collision more quickly than you can stop. Spinning vehicles will “drift”, most commonly towards their rear end at the initial portion of their spin.

BE READY FOR ANYTHING! Use the correct fire extinguisher.
Did you check your extinguisher pre-trip? Is it charged? What type? Due for an inspection? Is it secured?

WHAT DO YOU DO? When hydroplaning, lay off the gas pedal! Be aware of traffic around you that might be hitting puddles as well. What would you do now to go back and be going 15 mph slower before this occurred? Low tires can affect this as well. Pre-trip now seems like a great idea doesn’t it?

ICY ROADS REQUIRE MORE CARE
On icy/slippery roads, slow way down and turn gently, the roads may not be your only issue, other vehicles may have their own problems. Looks like a Christmas card till your vehicle starts to drift sideways? Carry chains? Did you look during your pre-trip?

LIABILITY ABOUNDS IN WORK/SCHOOL ZONES
Reduce speed, activate flashers in work/school zones. All kinds of surprises in these areas, beware of other drivers entering or exiting work zones, kids or crossing guards in school zones. Big tickets!

MORE BIG CITATIONS Move over 1 lane for all stopped vehicles if possible, Highway Patrol officers are watching, slow down! States really protect patrol officers, catch one on a bad day and you’ll pay. A stopped vehicle can have kids or pets pop out in front of you.

WHAT’S HAPPENING BACK THERE?
Cargo that can shift should have at least 2 tie offs 2 straps on anything not blocked and on wheels

THE SIGN TELLS YOU ABOUT A CURVE OR A DOWNHILL RAMP……..
Slow heavy trucks to recommended speed prior to downhill exit ramps or slippery road conditions More so in bad weather. Did you think the sign was a joke?

IT HAPPENS SO FAST……… With a blowout at higher speed, lay off the brake until the vehicle has slowed down, then move to the shoulder. Remember, keep driver side wheels on pavement.

“I THOUGHT I COULD MAKE IT”
The heavier the vehicle, the larger the gap needed when entering traffic. Don’t bet on other drivers to “let you in”, or “over” in front of them.

BE AWARE OF YOUR SURROUNDINGS
There are “blind spots” your mirror cannot show you! Signal all lane changes early, constantly check your mirrors. Surprises are great for birthday parties, not lane changes.

“OH GREAT, NO BRAKES”!….. Pumping “hydraulic” brakes may bring the pressure up during a brake failure, allowing you to stop your truck. This might have been detected at your PTI. Another option might be a slow steady application of your parking brake, apply gently, also downshifting.

BRAKE PARTS HAVE A LIFE SPAN TOO
“Brake fade” occurs when brakes heat up. How often do you have your brakes inspected? Do you hear any squeaks? Feel “mushy”?

ANOTHER DECISION TO MAKE
Do not turn more than needed to avoid what is in your way. Anticipate mirror contact, sound the horn, ease on over. Don’t panic! Take your foot off the gas, watch how deep you get on the shoulder. Prepare to counter steer.

What helps to keep and engine cool in hot weather?
Leave the engine in neutral on downgrades. Don’t fill the radiator completely full. Keep the engine oil at the full mark all the time. Don’t use antifreeze in the cooling system. If an oncoming car starts to drift into your lane on a 2 lane road, you should: Stab the brakes and attempt to stop before hitting the car. Steer left. Steer right. Slow down and continue straight.

When placing reflective triangles on the road, you should:
Make sure they are off the pavement. Open them carefully to avoid getting your fingers pinched. Anchor them with heavy rocks so the wind won’t blow them down. Hold them between yourself and the oncoming traffic. If you double your vehicle speed, it will take ___ times as much distance to stop. 4 2 6 8

If you must drive off road in an emergency, you should:
Avoid braking until your speed has dropped to 20 mph. Keep one set of wheels on the pavement. Stay on the shoulder. All of the above The driver is responsible for: Inspecting the cargo. Recognizing overloads. Recognizing poorly balanced weight. All of the above.

Safety belts are required to be used:
What is blocking? Not allowing another vehicle to access an entrance or exit; A special term applied to military cargo. A cargo loading technique or process that keeps cargo from sliding. All of the above. Safety belts are required to be used: Only by drivers younger than 16 years of age. By all drivers and passengers. Only when operating on freeways. It is not a federal or state law, but it is recommended

When you back a vehicle, you should:
Go as fast as possible to avoid congesting traffic. Never use a helper. Back toward the driver side whenever possible. All the above. How many seconds ahead should you look when driving? 5-10 seconds 10-15 seconds 12-15 seconds 15-20 seconds

If you are being tailgated by another motorist, you should:
Apply your brakes quickly. Speed up Increase your following distance. Turn on your flashers. At 55 mph, it will take your vehicle about six seconds to stop and your vehicle will travel: About the distance of a football field. About the distance of a basketball court. About one quarter mile. 88 feet

How many seconds of following distance do you need when driving
at 50 mph and operating a vehicle 40 feet in length? 2 seconds 3 seconds 4 seconds 5 seconds When signaling a turn or a lane change, you should: Signal early. Signal continuously. Cancel the signal when the maneuver is completed. All of the above.

If you must stop on the road, or on the shoulder, you should put
your reflective triangles: Only at night. Within 15 minutes of stopping. Only on two lane roads. If you have curves within 500 feet of your vehicle, either front or rear. If you stop on or by a one-way or divided highway, place warning devices: 25 feet, 50 feet, and 100 feet toward the approaching traffic. 10 feet, 100 feet and 200 feet toward the approaching traffic. 50 feet, 150 feet and 300 feet toward the approaching traffic. Any of the above.

Why is driving more dangerous at night than during the day.
Escape ramps save: Lives Cargo Equipment All of the above. Why is driving more dangerous at night than during the day. Vision is reduced. Glare can temporarily blind a driver. Fatigue is usually greater at night.

When should you use “high beams”?
All the time when driving at night. Never use high beams. Whenever possible and safe. Only in fog. When can you expect to have slippery road conditions? Just after rain begins. On concrete roadways. On asphalt roadways. During the months that end in “R”

If you are hydroplaning, you should:
Apply the brakes hard to quickly regain traction. Turn into another lane. Release the accelerator and push in the clutch. Downshift to a lower gear. When brakes get hot they begin to fade, when that happens you: May have to apply them harder to get the same stopping power. Must stop using them until they cool. Should poor water on them to cool them. Try stab braking.

If you have to drive through a deep puddle of water, you should:
Drive quickly through the puddle to avoid getting “bogged down”. Stop and adjust the brakes. Gently put on the brake and proceed through the puddle. Push in the clutch and coast through the puddle. What following statements about hydroplaning are true? Hydroplaning can occur at speeds as low as 30 mph. Hydroplaning is more likely if tire pressure is low or treads is worn. It does not take a lot of water to cause hydroplaning. All of the above.

If you have a suspected tire failure, you should:
Hold the steering wheel firmly. Apply the brakes firmly. Stay off of the brakes. A and C are correct. During an acceleration skid, you should: Apply more pressure to the accelerator. Release the accelerator. Quickly apply the brakes. Shift up.

Which of the following is a reason for skids to happen?
Oversteering Over braking Over acceleration All of the above. After you have an accident, the first thing you should do is: Protect the area to prevent another accident. Notify authorities. Identify witnesses to the accident. Notify your employer.

Which of the following are clues for spotting impaired drivers?
Stopping at the wrong time. An open window during cold weather. Weaving or drifting from one side of the road to the other. All of the above. Regarding accidents, the DOT requires that they be notified if: There is a fatality. There is an injury. There is a vehicle towed. All the above

What are the correct steps to take when you discover a fire?
Pull off the road, keep the fire from spreading, use the correct extinguisher to put out the fire. Keep driving to let the wind blow out the fire. Pull into the next rest area or exit and follow the steps in “a”. Pull off the road and notify emergency authorities. What statement is correct. When your body needs sleep, sleep is the only thing that will work. Continuing to drive when sleepy is the major cause of fatal accidents. A hot, poorly ventilated cab can make you sleepy. All of the above.

The intent of the hazardous materials rules is to contain the product, communicate the risk and:
Provide emergency actions. Increase awareness in communities. Assure safe drivers and equipment. Help to clean up spills You are traveling down a long, steep hill. Your brakes get so hot they fail. What should you do? Downshift and pump the brake pedal. Look for an escape ramp or escape route. Both of the above.

Which of these statements is true?
A few beers have the same effect on driving as a few shots of whiskey or a few glasses of wine. Coffee and fresh air will help a drinker sober up. Not everyone who drinks is affected by alcohol. While driving, ice builds up on your wipers and they no longer clean the windshield. You should: Keep driving and turn your defroster on. Keep driving and spray the windshield with wiper fluid. Stop safely and fix the problem. Nothing

What is counter-steering?
Steering in the opposite direction from what other drivers expect. Using the steering axle brakes to prevent oversteering. Turning the wheel back in the opposite direction after steering to avoid a traffic emergency. Which of these statements about driving in areas with strong winds is true? Winds are a big problem when a truck comes out of a tunnel. You should drive alongside other vehicles to help break up the wind. The lighter your vehicle, the less trouble you will have with the wind.

To help you stay alert while driving, you should:
Schedule trips for hours you are normally asleep. Take cold medicine if you have a cold. Take short breaks before you get drowsy. Which of these statements about marking a stopped vehicle is true? If a hill or curve keeps drivers behind you from seeing the vehicle within 500 feet, move the rear reflective. You do not need to put out reflective triangles unless the vehicle will be stopped for 30 minutes or more. The vehicles tail light should

Which of these is a good thing to do when driving at night?
A vehicle is loaded with very little weight on the drive axle. What may happen? Poor traction Damage to drive axle tires. Better handling. Which of these is a good thing to do when driving at night? Keep your speed slow enough that you can stop within the range of your headlights. Look directly at oncoming headlights only briefly. Keep your instrument lights bright.

How do you test hydraulic brakes for leaks?
Move the vehicle slowly and see if it stops when you press the brakes Measure the free play in the pedal with a ruler. Firmly push down the pedal for 5 seconds and see if it moves. An enroute inspection should include checking for: Tire and brake overheating. Cargo securement. Both of the above.

Which of these statements about backing a heavy vehicle is true?
Which of these is not part of the pre-trip inspection of the engine compartment? Valve clearance. Condition of hoses. Worn electrical insulation. Which of these statements about backing a heavy vehicle is true? You should avoid backing whenever you can. Helpers should be out of the driver’s sight and use only voice signal to communicate with the driver. It is safer to back toward the right side of the truck than toward the driver’s side.

Which of these is the most important thing to remember about emergency braking?
Disconnecting the steering axle brakes will help keep your vehicle in a straight line. If the wheels are skidding, you cannot control the vehicle. Never do it without downshifting first. Which of these statements about managing space is true? Many accidents are caused by drivers keeping too much space in front of their vehicles. Smaller vehicles require more space to stop than larger ones. When the road is slippery, you need more space to stop.

To correct a drive-wheel braking skid, you should:
Stop braking, turn quickly and counter steer. Increase braking. Increase braking, turn quickly and counter steer. The road you are driving on becomes very slippery due to glare ice. Which of these is a good thing to do in such a situation? Stop driving as soon as you can safely do so. Downshift to stop. Apply the brakes often to keep linings dry.

Which of these statements about tires and hot weather driving is true?
The air pressure of a tire decreases as the temperature of the tire increases. If a tire is too hot to touch, you should drive on it to cool it off. You should inspect your tires every two hours or every 100 miles when driving in very hot weather. Your truck is in a traffic emergency and may collide with another vehicle if you do not take action. Which of these is a good rule to remember at such a time? You can almost always turn to miss an obstacle more quickly than you can stop. Stopping is always the safest action in a traffic emergency. Leaving the road is always more risky than hitting another vehicle

Which fires can you use water to put out?
Gasoline fires Electrical fires Tire fires What should you do when your vehicle hydroplanes? Accelerate slightly Counter steer hard Release the accelerator

When the roads are slippery, you should:
You are starting your vehicle from a stop. As you apply power to the drive wheels, they start to spin. You should: Take your foot off the accelerator. Press harder on the accelerator. Use a lower gear. When the roads are slippery, you should: Drive alongside other vehicles. Make turns as gently as possible. Stop and test the traction while going up hills.

Which of these statements about brakes is true?
Brakes have more stopping power when they get very hot. Brake drums cool very quickly when the vehicle is moving fast. The heavier a vehicle or the faster it is moving, the more heat the brakes have to absorb to stop it. When driving through work zones, you should: Turn your flasher on and drive slower. Use your brake lights to warn other drivers. Do both of the above.

Cargo that can shift should have at least _____ tie-down(s).
One Two Three A key principle to remember about loading cargo is to keep the load: To the front. To the rear. Balanced in the cargo area.

You are driving a heavy vehicle. You must exit a highway using an
off-ramp that curves downhill. You should: Slow down to a safe speed before the curve. Slow to the posted speed limit for the off-ramp. Wait until you are in the curve before downshifting. You are driving on a straight, level highway at 50 mph. There are no vehicles in front of you. Suddenly, a tire blows out, you should: Quickly steer on the shoulder. Begin emergency braking. Stay off the brake until the vehicle has slowed down.

Which of these is a good thing to remember about using mirrors?
Which of these is a good thing to remember when crossing or entering traffic with a heavy vehicle? Heavy vehicles need larger gaps in traffic than cars. The best way to cross traffic is to pull the vehicle part-way across the road and block one lane while waiting for the other to clear. Because heavy vehicles are easy to see, you can count on other drivers to move out of your way or slow down for you. Which of these is a good thing to remember about using mirrors? You should look at a mirror for several seconds at a time. Convex mirrors make things look larger and closer than they really are. There are “blind spots” that your mirror cannot show you.

Your vehicle has hydraulic brakes. While traveling on a level road, you
press the brake pedal and find that it goes to the floor. Which of these statements are true? You should not downshift if you have an automatic transmission. Pumping the brake pedal may bring the pressure up so you can stop the vehicle. The parking brake will not work either because it is part of the same system. Brake “fade” Can be caused by the brakes getting very hot. Can be corrected by letting up on the brakes for 1-2 seconds and then putting them on again. Is a problem that only occurs with drum brakes.

Which of these is a good thing to do when steering to avoid a crash?
Apply the brakes while turning. Steer with one hand so you can turn the wheel more quickly. Do not turn any more than needed to clear what is in your way. You are checking your wheels and rims for a pre-trip inspection. Which of these statements is true? Rust around wheel nuts may mean they are loose. Cracked wheels or rims can be used if they are welded. A vehicle can be safely driven with one missing lug nut on a wheel.

If you need to leave the road in a traffic emergency, you should:
Try to get all wheels off the pavement. Brake hard as you leave the road. Avoid braking until your speed has dropped to about 20 mph. You should stop driving: After 5 hours. After 9 hours. Whenever you become sleepy.

When looking ahead of your vehicle while driving you should look:
To the right side of the road. To the left side of the road. Back and forth, near and far. Which of these statements about overhead clearance is true? You should assume posted clearance signs are correct. The weight of a vehicle changes its height. If the road surface causes your vehicle to tilt toward objects at the edge of the road, you should drive close to the shoulder.

The parking brake should be tested while the vehicle is:
Parked Moving forward slowly. Going downhill.

Straight Truck Operation

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