1. Nationalism, Sectionalism, & the Era of Good Feelings
Unit III

2. NATIONALISM: AN “ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS”
What is NATIONALISM?
First, let’s define NATION.
A large group of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, living in a particular area.
NATIONALISM is extreme loyalty or devotion to your nation (right or wrong).
Why was nationalism on the rise at this time in U.S. history?
REASONS:
Success in War of 1812
Nationalist economics: Henry Clay’s American System
Boost in federal power from Judiciary
American art and literature flourish

3. Sectionalism
What is SECTIONALISM?
First, let’s define REGION.
Part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries
Some REASONS:
Differing economies: Industrial (North) vs. Agricultural (South)
Issues over slavery
Differences in population growth (Immigration )
Development of cities in the North
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SECTIONALISM is an exaggerated devotion or allegiance to the interests of a region (the North vs. the South).

4. The “Era of Good Feelings”: American Nationalism

5. EQ: How did domestic & foreign policies reflect the nationalism of the times?
Economic
What nationalistic economic policies surfaced during the 1820’s?
The American System, developed by Senator Henry Clay

6. Henry’s Clay’s American System consisted of three main policies:
Protective tariffs
Building new roads & canals to link the states (Atlantic & Midwest)
Establish Second Bank of the U.S.
How do each of these policies promote nationalism?

7. What new inventions are being used in each region?
Henry Clay’s American System
Food stuffs to feed workers
NE Manufactured Goods
Manufactured goods
West Food Stuffs
Manufactured goods
Raw materials to cities
Migration
South Raw Materials (cotton)
What new inventions are being used in each region?

8. Nationalism also influenced art & literature
Cultural
Nationalism also influenced art & literature
Literature – American Renaissance
James Fenimore Cooper
The Last of the Mohicans
First American to make a career as a novelist
Webster’s American Dictionary
Novelists expressed pride in the new nation and its immense potential

9. Cultural Artists – Depicted America’s beautiful landscape
Hudson River School
Group of landscape painters who used realistic detail to depict the beauty of nature and reflect the spirit of nationalism
How do these images reflect nationalism?

10. Election of 1816
James Monroe – DR, VA

11. 4 of the first 5 Presidents are from Virginia
The Virginia Dynasty
4 of the first 5 Presidents are from Virginia
Monroe is the last of the “Founding Fathers to be President

12. Told Europe colonization was over
The Monroe Doctrine
Told Europe colonization was over
Western Hemisphere is under American control
Example of American Nationalism

13. Political
John Quincy Adams (President Monroe’s Secretary of State) promotes national expansion
Adams-Onis Treaty
US gains Florida from Spain, open to settlement
Monroe Doctrine
Latin American nations gained independence from European countries
Warned European countries to stay out of Latin America
How do these policies reflect nationalism?

14. Supreme Court rulings under John Marshall
Domestic
Supreme Court rulings under John Marshall
Chief Justice from 1801 to 1835
Favored a strong federal government, gave more power to the federal government
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Denied the right of a state to tax a federal agency (a national bank)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Upheld congressional power to regulate commerce between states (NY steamboat monopoly)
How did these decisions reflect nationalism?

15. Sectionalism – Differences Between the North and South
EQ – How did the North and South differ during the early 1800s?

16. Sectional Differences Emerge
Missouri Territory applies for statehood
Why is this a problem?
There are an equal number of slave/free states, Missouri would tip the balance
Henry Clay – Missouri
Compromise (1820)
Missouri = slave
Maine = free (split from Massachusetts)
36-30 line: north= free, south = slave

17. North South Economy Agricultural, slavery Industrialized
Differences between North and South
North
South
Industrialized
Economy
Agricultural, slavery

18. North South Pop. Growth & Citizens
Differences between North and South
North
South
-Population grew quickly -Middle class -Working class -Immigrants face prejudice
Pop. Growth & Citizens
-Lower population -Slower population growth -Lower education

19. Cities, Develop., & Indust.
Differences between North and South
North
South
-Industrialization spread quickly -Factories -Cities grew
Cities, Develop., & Indust.
-Few large cities -Limited regional development -Slavery spread, plantations grow

20. What common interests and similarities do these two regions share?
-Both rely on cotton crop
-King Cotton
-Both rely on new technology
-Cotton gin (Eli Whitney) makes cotton profitable

21. American Land Expansion
American Land Expansion

22. Vermont (1791)

23. Kentucky (1792)

24. The Treaty of Greenville (1795)
Cleared 2/3 of Ohio/Indian of Indian Tribes
British abandon NW Territory, flee to Canada

25. Pinckney’s Treaty (1795) Normalized relations with Spain
USA gains free access to Mississippi River

26. Tennessee (1796)

27. Ohio (1803)

28. Louisiana (1812)

29. Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)
Settled all border disputes between the USA and Spain
Florida and Western lands were purchased for $5 million