1. War in Europe and Africa
U.S., Britain, Russia and 23 other Allies vow to defeat Axis powers.
Germans occupied most of Europe and N. Africa while Japan was conquering Pacific
Allies begin attack against Erwin Rommel “Desert Fox” in African desert
Allies win and keep Suez Canal
Dwight D. Eisenhower was turned back in Tunisia and General George Patton drove the Germans out of Africa

2. War in Europe and Africa
Allies take Sicily in summer of 1943
Benito Mussolini was overthrown
Allies after months of fighting at Anzio, liberate Rome in June of 1944
Air war launched against Germany in 1942
Germany bombed day and night inflicting damage and casualties
30,000 died but Germany pressed on

3. War in Europe and Africa
Soviets and Germans continued to fight on Eastern Front
Leningrad was under siege for nearly 900 days
People ate horses, cats and dogs
Bread with wallpaper paste
Thousands die
Germans almost take Moscow
Germans took Stalingrad but were surrounded and surrendered in February of 1943.
Germans were driven back out of Russia

4. War in Africa and Europe
June 6, 1944 D-Day – invasion at Normandy, France
August 25, 1944 Paris was liberated
Germans fought hard at the Battle of the Bulge
Berlin was surrounded
May 8 V-E day
Hitler commits suicide
April 12, 1945 Roosevelt dies
Harry S. Truman becomes President

5. The Holocaust Final Solution – Jews
Genocide – wiping out an entire group of people
Jews rounded up, shot and thrown in massive graves
Railroad cars to concentration camps- prison camps for civilians
Shaved, tattooed with little to eat
Thousands killed each day in gas chambers
Bodies put in ovens
Auschwitz and over 6 million killed
Poles, Gypsies and handicapped killed
Holocaust museum

6. The Pacific Front
Japanese also attacked Phillippine, Wake and Guam bases
Douglas MacArthur led US troops who retreated to Bataan Peninsula and Corregidor in Phillippines
Bataan Death March 60 miles 22,000 of 76,000 died on way to prison camp after surrender
MacArthur leaves to command all troops in Pacific saying “I shall return.”

7. The Pacific Front
James Doolittle leads bombing run on Tokyo that lifted American spirits
Battle of the Coral Sea halted the Japanese advance to Australia
Battle of Midway was 1st Japanese defeat costing 100s of planes and 4 carriers
Island hopping – capturing islands and using them as bases to capture more
7 month battle for Guadalcanal won by Americans
Capture of Guam gave U.S. bases to bomb Japan

8. The Pacific Front
Battle of Leyte Gulf – 282 ships – most of Japanese fleet destroyed
March 1945 Okinawa and Iwo Jima taken as thousands die and thousands are injured
Japan was pounded by bombers
Kamikazes – suicide pilots – planes loaded with explosives crashed into ships

9. The Pacific Front The Atomic Bomb
Einstein warns of German development of bomb in 1939
Manhattan Project – top secret – tested bomb in New Mexico in July of 1945
Potsdam Declaration warns Japan to surrender
August 6, 1945, Enola Gay drops bomb on Hiroshima
70,000 dead
3 days later Nagasaki with 40,000 dead
1,000s more die from injuries and radiation

10. The War Ends August 15, 1945 V-J Day
September 2, 1945 Japan surrenders on U.S.S. Missouri
Nuremberg and Japanese war crimes trials
40 million people die
Half of dead are civilians
322,000 Americans killed and 800,000 injured
20 million Russians killed
Colonies seek independence