1. Chapter 5 Section 1 Spain’s Empire & European Absolutism

2. Charles V of Spain retires Austria & Holy Roman Empire
to brother Ferdinand
Spain, Spanish Netherlands & American Colonies
To son Philip II

3. Philip II of Spain “His smile and his dagger were very close”
1580- seizes Portugal (they had no ruler…why not?)
Tremendous Wealth due to colonies
Large army
What were the sources of Spain’s tremendous wealth?
What problems might this wealth have caused?
Why might a large empire be difficult to rule?

4. Philip II (Defender of Catholicism)
Spanish history of religious conflict- Reconquista (Muslims), Spanish Inquisition (heretics/non-believers)
Battle of Lepanto vs. Ottoman Empire
Spanish Armada vs. Protestant England

5. Battle of Lepanto

6. Battle of Lepanto

7. Defeat of the Spanish Armada

8. Golden Age of Spanish Art and Literature
Monarchs and Nobles become patrons

9. El Greco
“The Greek”
Brilliant colors, distorted figures, expressed emotion symbolically
Showed Catholic faith
a.k.a. Domeniko Theotokopoulos

10. El Greco

11. Velazquez Paintings reflect pride of Spanish monarchy
Court painter to Philip IV of Spain
Portraits of royal family and scenes of court life

12. Velazquez

13. The Spanish Empire Weakens
Severe Inflation
Population growth = rise in prices
Silver bullion flooded market
Loss of business when expelled Jews/Moors
Tax burden on lower classes prevented formation of a middle class

14. The Spanish Empire Weakens
Old fashioned methods of Spanish guilds make foreign goods more competitive
Expensive war debts to other countries
Dutch Revolt bring prosper & art

15. Rembrandt Vermeer Dutch Trading Empire Stability of Dutch government
Largest fleet of ships in world
Dutch East India Company

16. Absolutism in Europe Rulers wanted to be ABSOLUTE MONARCHS
Kings/Queens who hold all the power
Believe in a thing called DEVINE RIGHT
Idea that God created the monarchy and they alone are acting on God’s words