1. Recidivism Rates for DCJ Offenders Exiting Residential A&D Treatment
August 2005
Kim Pascual
Research & Evaluation

2. Methodology
Follow-up to a previous study of 1 year pre- post arrest rates for those exiting treatment in 2001.
All DCJ offenders who exited residential A&D treatment in 2001, 2002, and 2003, using the first treatment episode of the year per offender.
All SIDS for each sample entered into the DSS-Criminal Justice Data Warehouse to collect pre- and post treatment data. Data collected 1 year prior to treatment and up to 3 years after treatment.

3. Methodology

4. Demographics: Gender
There was a 9% increase in the proportion of males exiting residential treatment over the previous two years (62% in 2003, up from 57% in 2001 and 2002).

5. Demographics: Race

6. Demographics: Average LOS
The average Length of Stay decreased by 11 days from 2001 to 2003

7. Drug of Choice

8. Drug of Choice (cont.)
Slight decrease in the percentage of those reporting cocaine (17% to 13%) and heroin (23% to 19%) as their drug of choice.
A two percent increase in the percentage who reported methamphetamines as their drug of choice (31% to 33%).
Of those with at least one arrest in the year following treatment, close to 30% for each year reported methamphetamines as their drug of choice.

9. Treatment Completion

10. Treatment Completion (cont.)
Neutral Exit Type Reasons:
Client was arrested for crime committed prior to treatment.
Client failed to engage in the program within the first 15 days of entering.
Client died while in the program.
Client was discharge due to needs being better served by another agency.
Suspension of active status.
Other

11. Neutral Exit Types by Year

12. Post Treatment Arrests
For the 2001 sample, post treatment arrest data was collected for 1, 2 and 3 years after exit.
For the 2002 sample, 1 and 2 years post treatment arrest data were analyzed and
For the 2003 sample, 1 year post treatment data were used.

13. Post Treatment Arrests
Three Years of Arrests by Year for 2001 Sample
61%for all three years
55% for first two years

14. Post Treatment Arrests
Two Years of Arrests by Year for 2002 Sample
50% in two years

15. Pre- and Post Treatment Arrests
Percent of Offenders Arrested in the 1 Year Pre- And Post Treatment
This chart shows the PROPORTION of offenders who had AT LEAST one arrest in the year prior to treatment compared with the PROPORTION of offenders who had AT LEAST one arrest in the year after completing treatment.

16. Pre- and Post Treatment Arrests
For each sample, the percent with an arrest ranged between 61 and 67% in the year prior to entering treatment.
In the year following treatment, the percent with an arrest ranged from 41 to 46%.
Consistently for all three samples, there was at least a 20% reduction in the proportion of offenders with an arrest after exiting treatment.

17. Engagement & Length of Stay
Previous report on the sample of clients exiting treatment in 2001 indicated that the pre-/post arrest reduction was greatest for those successfully completing treatment.
Same report also indicated that clients with a LOS greater than 120 days had the highest pre-/post treatment arrest reduction rates.
A report on Multnomah County’s Alcohol & Drug data for FY00-04 showed that for all treatment modalities, the rates of completion of treatment were highest for those who had a LOS between 90 and 180 days.

18. Exit Type of Those with LOS Greater Than 90 Days
Engagement & LOS
Exit Type of Those with LOS Greater Than 90 Days

19. Exit Type of Those with LOS Less Than 90 days
Engagement & LOS
Exit Type of Those with LOS Less Than 90 days

20. LOS & Arrest Reduction Rates
Percent Reduction of Offenders Arrested by LOS

21. LOS & Arrest Reduction Rates
Percent Reduction for Those with LOS > 90 Days
Women % % %
Anglo % % %
Men % % %
African American % %

22. Limitations
Treatment data per offender are limited to the first episode closed during the year under study. Creates the possibility that an offender was in a subsequent treatment episode during the post-study period, thus limiting their time in the community.
Did not control for an offender’s opportunity to re-offend.
A more accurate portrayal of completion rates would include ALL treatment episodes.
Arrest data are only as reliable as the data extracted from the DSS Justice Warehouse.

23. Conclusions
Over the three year period, there was a 12% decrease in the percent completing treatment successfully.
There was a 15% increase in the percentage exiting treatment as Neutral with the majority coded as “Failing to Engage.”
Comparison of arrest data for one year pre- and post treatment showed at least a 20% reduction in the proportion of offenders with an arrest.

24. Conclusions (cont.)
Clients with an LOS in treatment greater than 90 days had much higher rates of successful completion and a considerably higher rate of reduction in pre- and post arrest rates.
African Americans with an LOS greater than 90 days had slightly lower rates of successful completion and lower pre-post arrest reduction rates compared to Anglos.

25. Recommendations
Further investigate the possible reasons for why clients are failing to engage in treatment.
Begin discussion with providers about how treatment engagement can be increased for our clients.
Determine what factors may contribute to the differences in successful completion and arrest reduction rates between Anglos and African Americans.
Resistance to treatment and other reasons obviously exist that keep clients from engaging in treatment. But given that almost a third of the clients who enter Residential treatment are NOT engaging in treatment, it would seem that further investigation of why clients are not engaging and what can be done to try and increase engagement for our population might be beneficial, especially since our data suggest r that there is a treatment effect that which helps to reduce future arrests.

26. Email: kim.a.pascual@co.multnomah.or.us
Questions or Comments?