1. Alcohol, the Individual, and Society
This is a healthy liver.
This is a liver damaged by alcohol use.
The costs of alcohol use are far-reaching and relate to individual, family, and community health.

2. In this lesson, you will learn to:
Lesson Objectives
In this lesson, you will learn to:
Identify the goals of Healthy People 2010 to reduce risk behaviors associated with alcohol use
Compare the effects of alcohol use on body systems and the risk of disease caused by alcohol use
Describe the harmful effects of alcohol on a fetus
List community health-related services for prevention and treatment of alcoholism and alcohol use

3. Long-Term Effects of Alcohol on the Body
Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Abuse
In teens, alcohol use can interfere with growth and development.

4. Alcohol During Pregnancy
Effects of Alcohol During Pregnancy
Alcohol passes from the mother’s body into the bloodstream of the fetus.
Unlike the adult liver, the fetus’s liver is not developed enough to process the alcohol.
As a result, a female who drinks during pregnancy risks permanent damage to the fetus.
Infants born to mothers who drink during pregnancy may be at risk of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).

5. Alcohol During Pregnancy
Effects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
An FAS baby may be born with a small head and deformities of the face, hands, or feet.
Heart, liver, and kidney defects, as well as vision and hearing problems, are common.
FAS babies experience slow growth and coordination and have difficulties with learning, attention, memory, and problem solving.

6. What Is Alcoholism? Alcoholism
One of the most devastating effects of alcohol use is alcoholism.
Alcoholism is characterized by an impaired ability to study, work, and socialize normally.

7. Alcoholics Alcoholism
Some alcoholics may display harmful behaviors, such as drunken driving and violent or aggressive actions.
Others may become quiet and withdrawn.
Alcoholism isn’t limited to any age, race, ethnic, or socioeconomic group.
Regardless of background, alcoholics can develop serious health problems, such as cirrhosis of the liver and brain damage.

8. Symptoms Displayed by Alcoholics
Alcoholism
Symptoms Displayed by Alcoholics
Craving
Loss of control
Physical dependence
Tolerance
Health, family, and legal problems

9. Factors Affecting Alcoholics
Alcoholism
Factors Affecting Alcoholics
The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry reports that children of alcoholics are four times more likely than other children to become alcoholics.
Other environmental factors—such as family, friends, culture, peer pressure, availability of alcohol, and stress— also put a person at risk for alcoholism.
There is, however, one guarantee: You can protect yourself against this disease by making the healthy choice to stay alcohol free.

10. Stages of Alcoholism Alcoholism
Stage 1—Abuse: Typically, alcoholism begins with social drinking in an attempt to relax. Over time, a physical and psychological dependence on alcohol to manage stress develops.
Stage 2—Dependence: The person reaches a point where he or she cannot stop drinking and is physically dependent on the drug.
Stage 3—Addiction: In the final stage of alcoholism, drinking is the most important thing in a person’s life.

11. Effects on Family and Society
Effects of Alcoholism
Often, alcoholism has indirect, as well as direct, effects on people associated with alcoholics.
These people may be involved in a process known as codependency.
Codependents learn to ignore their own needs and focus their energy and emotions on the needs of the alcoholic.
In the process, codependents lose their trust in others, their self-esteem, and, at times, their own health.

12. Treatment for Alcohol Abuse
Dealing with Alcoholism
Although alcoholism cannot be cured, it can be treated through recovery.
Counseling and medication can help an alcohol user set goals to deal with problems of alcohol abuse.
Sobriety is a lifelong commitment. Many resources are available to help people who have a drinking problem.
Help is also available for the families and friends of problem drinkers.

13. Treatment for Alcohol Abuse
Steps to Recovery

14. Treatment for Alcohol Abuse
Where to Get Help for Alcohol Abuse

15. Quick Review
Choose the appropriate option.
Q. A group of alcohol-related birth defects, including physical and mental problems, is known as _____.
fetal alcohol syndrome
alcoholism
sobriety
domestic violence

16. Quick Review - Answer
A. A group of alcohol-related birth defects, including physical and mental problems, is known as fetal alcohol syndrome.
Click Next to attempt another question.

17. Quick Review
Choose the appropriate option.
Q. Sobriety is living without an excess of alcohol. Sobriety doesn’t need to become a lifelong commitment because alcoholism is curable.
True
False

18. Quick Review - Answer
A. False. Sobriety is living without an excess of alcohol. Sobriety needs to become a lifelong commitment because alcoholism is incurable.
Click Next to attempt another question.

19. Quick Review
Q. Which of the following are three steps that an alcoholic must take to recovery?
Admission, abstinence for a week, controlled drinking
Admission, detoxification, and recovery
Admission, counseling, controlled drinking
Admission, self-counseling, cut back on alcoholic habits

20. A. 2. Admission, detoxification, and recovery
Quick Review - Answer
A. 2. Admission, detoxification, and recovery
Steps an alcoholic must take to recovery include admission, detoxification, and recovery.
Click Next to attempt another question.

21. Quick Review
Choose the appropriate option.
Q. Alcoholism can have devastating effects on people associated with an alcoholic.
True
False

22. Quick Review - Answer
A. True. Alcoholism can have devastating effects on people associated with an alcoholic.
Click Next to attempt another question.

23. End of Lesson 3
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24. Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! A group of alcohol-related birth defects, including physical and mental problems, is known as fetal alcohol syndrome.
Click Next to attempt another question.

25. Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.

26. Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! Sobriety is living without an excess of alcohol. Sobriety needs to become a lifelong commitment because alcoholism is incurable.
Click Next to attempt another question.

27. Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.

28. Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! Steps an alcoholic must take to recovery include the following: admission, detoxification, and recovery.
Click Next to attempt another question.

29. Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.

30. Quick Review - Answer
A. Correct! Alcoholism can have devastating effects on people associated with an alcoholic.
Click Next to attempt another question.

31. Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.

32. Alcohol During Pregnancy
Effects of Alcohol During Pregnancy
Alcohol passes from the mother’s body into the bloodstream of the fetus.
Unlike the adult liver, the fetus’s liver is not developed enough to process the alcohol.
As a result, a female who drinks during pregnancy risks permanent damage to the fetus.
Infants born to mothers who drink during pregnancy may be at risk of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a group of alcohol-related birth defects that include physical and mental problems.

33. What Is Alcoholism? Alcoholism
One of the most devastating effects of alcohol use is alcoholism.
Alcoholism is characterized by an impaired ability to study, work, and socialize normally.
Alcoholism is a disease in which a person has a physical or psychological dependence on drinks that contain alcohol.

34. Alcoholics Alcoholism
Some alcoholics may display harmful behaviors, such as drunken driving and violent or aggressive actions.
Others may become quiet and withdrawn.
Alcoholism isn’t limited to any age, race, ethnic, or socioeconomic group.
Regardless of background, alcoholics can develop serious health problems, such as cirrhosis of the liver and brain damage.
An alcoholic is an addict who is dependent on alcohol.

35. Treatment for Alcohol Abuse
Dealing with Alcoholism
Although alcoholism cannot be cured, it can be treated through recovery.
Counseling and medication can help an alcohol user set goals to deal with problems of alcohol abuse.
Sobriety is a lifelong commitment. Many resources are available to help people who have a drinking problem.
Help is also available for the families and friends of problem drinkers.
Recovery is the process of learning to live an alcohol-free life.

36. Treatment for Alcohol Abuse
Dealing with Alcoholism
Although alcoholism cannot be cured, it can be treated through recovery.
Counseling and medication can help an alcohol user set goals to deal with problems of alcohol abuse.
Sobriety is a lifelong commitment. Many resources are available to help people who have a drinking problem.
Help is also available for the families and friends of problem drinkers.
Sobriety is living without alcohol.