1. SOLID WASTE AS SOURCES OF ENERGY AND FOOD
RAKHEE GOGOI DEPT.OF MICROBIOLOGY 2ND SEM
GUIDED BY DR.M.K.SATEESH DEPT.OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY BANGALORE UNIVERSITY

2. WASTE AND POLLUTANTS
POLLUTANTS-waste product that damages the environment
Disturbes the environment
WASTE-Any product or residue that cannot be used profitably
All waste are not pollutants

3. Types of wastes
BIOLOGICAL
CHEMICAL
PHYSICAL

4. TYPES OF SOLID WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE OR HOUSEHOLD WASTE
Municipal wastes come from garbage and other waste materials produced from households,public markets,restaurants,commercial establishment etc.
Include food,paper,textile,plastic etc.

5. INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Manufacturing industries such as eg:breweries,food processing,dairy etc industries,generates biodegradable waste.
Industries such as eg:chemical,oil refinery,fertilizer industry generate non biodegradable waste.
Eg:heavy metals,volatile hydrocarbons,packaging waste,ashes etc.

6. AGRICULTURAL WASTE Biodegradable:crop residues,manures,feed residues.
Non biodegradable:plastics,copper present in feed additives,ammonia released from fertilizers etc.

7. COMPOSITION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE

8. Cont…
Type of litter
Organic waste such as vegetable and fruit peels,leftover foodstuff, etc.
Paper
Cotton cloth
Wood
Tin, aluminium, and other metal items such as cans
Plastic bags
Glass bottles
Approximate time it takes to degenerate
a week or two.
10-30 days
2-5 months
10-15 years
1 year
100 to 500 years
one million years?
Undetermined

9. SOLID WASTE CONVERTED TO ENERGY……
WHY IS IT NECESSARY?
Impact on environment
Save space
Low cost and time
HOW IT IS DONE….
Microbial transformation
Digesters
Power plants

10. SOLID WASTE

11. Conversion of waste to energy
BIOGAS
BIOETHANOL
ELECTRICITY
HEAT ENERGY

12. BIOGAS

13. ANAEROBIC DIGESTION HYDROLYSIS e.g-Thermoanaerobium brockii
ACIDOGENESIS e.g Syntrophomonas wolfei
ACETOGENESIS e.g-Clostridium aceticum
METHANOGENESIS e.g-Methanosarcina barkeri

14. THE DIGESTER BATCH DIGESTER CONTINOUS FLOW STIRRED TANK DIGESTER
UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET DIGESTER

15. ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PLANT

17. BIOETHANOL PLANT,USA

18. ETHANOL POTENTIAL
• According to preliminary studies, 1kg of selected wastes contains 0.41 kg carbon (average carbon content is 41.05%) • Percentage of carbon in glucose molecule (C6H12O6): 40.00% • If 100% of the carbon present in selected wastes was converted to glucose, then the possible potential yield of glucose from 1 kg of selected waste can be calculated

19. CONT… Then, possible mass of glucose : 1.03 kg
Percentage of carbon in ethanol molecule(C2H6O) : 52.17%
Therefore, the possible mass of ethanol that we could obtain from 1 kg of selected waste is 0.79 kg

20. GREEN ELECTRICITY Power produced from renewable energy.
No harm towards environment.
Convert municipal waste to energy and does not contribute to the green house effect.
Low cost.

21. POWER PLANT,HYDERABAAD

22. MSW PLANT

23. PLASMA GASIFICATION Decompose waste in a oxygen starved Environment.
Converts organic waste into a fuel gas [syn gas]
Works in high temperature[25000 Fahrenheit]

24. PLASMA GASSIFICATION

25. Furnace

26. PLASMA TORCH

27. ADVANTAGES No tars or furans. No ashes remaining to go to a landfill
Does not discriminate between type of waste
Can process upto 20 tons of waste per hour

28. SOLID WASTE AS FOOD Paper and pulp industries Water industries
Restaurants
Agricultural waste
Wine industry

29. Lignocellulose Single cell protein Human nutrition Glucose
Food and chemical
Phenolic compounds
Enzymes,
Mannose

30. MICROORGANISM IN PRODUCTION OF SCP
Spirulina
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Aspergillus oryzae
Fusarium sp.
Bacteria Rhodoseudomonas capsulata

31. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND MUSHROOM CULTIVATION

32. REFERENCES BIOTECHNOLOGY BY B.D SINGH
INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY BY INDU SHEKHAR THAKUR

33. THANK YOU!