1. Unit 11 = World War I & Its Aftermath (1914-1919)
Open your Textbook: pg. 676.
2. Open your notebook to a clean page and title it:
Unit 11 = World War I & Its Aftermath ( )

2. The “Main” Causes of World War I
Explanation
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism

3. Nationalism
Nationalism: having pride in your country, willing to defend it!
Many rivalries between countries developed.
Ex: Alsace and Lorraine  territory that was constantly fought over by France and Germany.

4. Aggressive Nationalism

5. Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The “Powder Keg” of Europe
(a tiny spark might lead to an explosion)

6. Imperialism
Imperialism: trying to build up an empire (where a powerful country controls several less powerful countries).
Remember the map of the ‘Scramble for Africa’!! There was a competition for colonies.

7. Economic & Imperial Rivalries
Most of the world up to this point had been divided up amongst the European powers!

8. Militarism
Militarism: building up armed forces, getting ready for war. (Consider = countries with factories)
Arms race (who has the most weapons!)
Expanded armies and navies increased suspicions.

9. 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures
Militarism & Arms Race
Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, France, Britain, Russia] in millions of £s.
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1914 94
130
154
268
289
398
What do you notice about the millions of pounds spent per year above??
Increase in Defense Expenditures
France
10%
Britain
13%
Russia
39%
Germany
73%
Which countries are spending the most amount of money on ‘defending’ themselves?? ←

10. Alliance System
Alliance System: agreements/promises to defend and help another country.
They would in theory have common enemies.

11. Who is helping who? Triple Entente Allied Powers
Triple Alliance  Central Powers

12. WWI Alliance System Triple Entente Triple Alliance France
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy
Turkey (Ottoman Empire)
Also known as the CENTRAL POWERS
France
Great Britain
Russia
later the United States
Also known as the ALLIED POWERS

13. The Alliance System
Triple Alliance:
Triple Entente:
VS.

14. Victor Emmanuel II (Italy) Pres. Poincare (France)
The Major Players:
Central Powers:
Allied Powers:
Wilhelm II (Germany)
George V (Britain)
Victor Emmanuel II (Italy)
Nicholas II (Russia)
Franz Josef
(Austria-Hungary)
Enver Pasha (Turkey)
Pres. Poincare (France)

15. Europe in 1914

16. The MAIN causes of World War I that we’ve read about were the underlying or background causes; these tensions had been building since 1900.
But what was the actual “spark” that began WWI in the late summer of 1914?

17. Summarize what happened on June 28th, 1914 in Bosnia that sparked World War One:

18. A murder with millions of victims…
Archduke Francis Ferdinand (he was the next in line to the throne of Austria-Hungary! It went: King, Archduke, Duke, etc.) was going to visit BOSNIA on June 28th, 1914.
Serbia had gained independence, but many Serbs lived in neighboring Bosnia which was ruled by Austria-Hungary.

19. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

20. The Assassination!
Gavrilo Princip grew up in Bosnia with his Serb parents and became a part of the terrorist group called “THE BLACK HAND”.
Gavrilo Princip planned on killing the Archduke!
First assassination attempt was the morning of June 28th, 1914 but it was a failure!
Second attempt was later that day; he walked up to the motorcade and shot the Archduke and his wife. They both died!

21. The Assassin:
Gavrilo Princip
He died in prison.

22. The Assassination: Sarajevo

23. Consequences!
Austria Hungary was MAD! They wanted to declare war on Serbia as revenge for the assassination! (A.H. vs. Serbia)
BUT—Serbia’s protector (alliance system) is Russia, and they helped Serbia (A.H. vs. Serbia & Russia).
Germany is Austria Hungary’s friend, so they come to their aid (A.H. & Germany vs. Serbia & Russia)
ALLIANCE SYSTEM HAS BEEN ACTIVATED! WAR BEGINS!

24. Who is to Blame?