1. First Industrial Revolution
Goal 2 Part 4

2. Mass Production / Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution: machines “replace” hand tools, large-scale factory production developed
Begins in Britain and affects America
Mass Production- production of goods in large quantities

3. America after Embargo Act of 1807 / War of 1812
Remember: Embargo Act of 1807 = failure (WHY?)
Economic standstill /(America looked for other means of making $)
RESULTS:
North = businesses / factories / small farms (no need for slaves) / especially New England states
South = agriculture (farming) / large plantations (fertile land) V

4. Samuel Slater
Factory System (got idea from British), bring people to work in your shop cuts down cost and increase productivity.

5. Eli Whitney’s Inventions
invented the
(1) “COTTON GIN”
an efficient machine that cleaned out the seeds in cotton / made for quicker and more efficient ways of growing cotton
(2) “Interchangeable” parts – parts that are exactly alike
Purpose: one part breaks,
get the same part off the shelf!

6. Cotton Gin accelerates slavery in 1820s
*** THE COTTON GIN ACCELERATED THE EXPANSION OF SLAVERY ***
Africans Americans affected the MOST from the Cotton Gin

7. Other Inventions Elias Howe/Isaac Singer – Sewing Machine
Samuel Morse – Telegraph - allowed for communication by wire over long distances.

8. Factory Workers = Wage Slaves
Bad working conditions
Low wages
Long hours

9. Industrial Revolution
Two systems of recruitment emerged to bring in labor supply to textile mills
Whole families recruited
Lowell System - recruited young women, introduced the use of dormitories for workers

10. Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814

13. England Textile Centers: 1830s
New
England Textile Centers: 1830s

14. New England
Dominance
in Textiles

15. Farming
John Deere – Steel Plow - used by Western farms especially to break up the thick soil, its light and durable.
Cyrus McCormick – Mechanical Reaper - used by farmers, this invention cut harvesting time of grain crops down, which increases productivity.

16. Steamboats
Robert Fulton - used a steam engine to power boats along the Mississippi River and Great Lakes.

17. Transportation Improvements
Erie Canal – connected the east (NY) and the west (Great Lakes) by water
Cumberland Road – connected east (Maryland) and west (Illinois) by road

18. Railroad Fast Reliable Cheaper than canals to construct
Not frozen in winter

19. The Pony Express Between April, 1860 and Nov., 1861.
Delivered news and mail between St. Louis, MO and San Francisco, CA.
Took 10 days.
Replaced by the completion of the trans-continental telegraph line.

20. Market Revolution
South – raised cotton  sent cotton to New England and Britain
West – grain and livestock  fed factory workers in East and Europe
East – machines and textiles  South and West