1. General Safety & Health Knowledge
Your
Employability
Skills
General Safety & Health Knowledge
Instructors:

2. Introduction to Safe Thinking, Safety Awareness, Attitude
Safety is the Control or Elimination of Recognized Hazards to an Acceptable Level of Risk.
Why have a Safety Program to Prevent Injuries?
Companies moral obligation to employees
Personal cost to employee ( emotional, physical, financial)
Law- OSHA requires it in the workplace
Good business- cost of injuries & illnesses

3. What is an Occupational Injury/ Illness?
Injury- Any injury that happens instantaneously from a single exposure or work accident ( cut, fracture, sprain, amputation, etc.)
Illness- Any illness that occurs over a period of exposures. It includes acute and chronic illnesses or diseases.

4. The Cost of Injuries and Illnesses
Direct costs
Medical expenses
Compensation for lost wages
Indirect Costs
Down time to obtain medical care
Loss of production
Increased cost of insurance premiums
Overtime to cover for employee not available
Poor morale and attitudes

5. What Causes Accidents?
An incident that is an unplanned, uncontrolled event. It may or may not result in injury or property damage or loss of product.
Unsafe Acts- Not using protective equipment, failing to fallow procedures, & horseplay.
Unsafe conditions- Inadequate safety devices (guarding), poor housekeeping, & hazardous conditions (noise or dust).
Both can be attributed to ATTITUDE and BEHAVIOR!
Unsafe acts can create unsafe conditions.
Severity is matter of luck.

6. THE ACCIDENT PROCESS Contributing Causes:
LACK OF SAFETY EFFORTS BY SUPERVIOR & ORGANIZATION
Setting Poor Example Lack of Training
Inadequate Standards & Procedures Poor Enforcement & Feedback
Allowing or Encouraging Risk Taking
Employee’s Mental Condition
Lack of Knowledge
Poor Motivation
Slow Mental Reaction
Confused, Inattentive
Upset, Angry
EMPLOYEE’S PHYSICAL CONDITION
Fatigued
High Muscle Tension
Ill, Injured
Physical Limitation
Sensory Limitation

7. Major Injury Property Damage
Immediate Causes
Unsafe Acts Unsafe Conditions
Not Using Protective Equipment Inadequate Safety Devices
Using Broken or Improper Tools Inadequate Warning System
Horseplay Poor Housekeeping
Operating at Unsafe Speed Hazardous Conditions
Failing to Follow Safe Procedures
ACCIDENT
Costs
Major Injury Property Damage
Lost Time Minor Injury
Production Delays

8. How Can A Hazardous Material Enter The Body?
Inhalation- breathing the chemical into your lungs (Dust, Fumes, or Gases)
Ingestion- swallowing the chemical (Dust, Fumes, or Mists)
Absorption- chemical absorbed through the skin (Solvents)
Injection- chemical injected through puncture in skin (Solvents)

9. Personal Protective Equipment
Respiratory Protection
Hearing Protection

10. Personal Protection Equipment continued
Body Aprons
Eye and Face Protection

11. Personal Protective Equipment continued
Gloves
Safety Shoes or Boots

12. Housekeeping Good Housekeeping Includes: Results of Good Housekeeping:
Proper storage of tools
Being careful not to spill, drop or throw materials onto the floor
Disposing of all trash
Keeping tools, equipment and machinery clean
Keeping boxes, carts and materials organized and out of the aisle
Results of Good Housekeeping:
Reduction of accidents
Improvements in morale
Improvements in efficiency and effectiveness
A clean organized workplace for employees, visitors and customers

13. Four Major Risk Factors
Posture- Body parts positions that have been determined to increase the risk of cumulative trauma disorders
Force- amount of strength required to carry out a task
Frequency- number of times per minute ( or unit) a task in performed
Duration- time it takes to complete a task
(ex: lift, grip, or bend)

14. Four Minor Risk Factors
Vibration
Noise
Light Levels
Mechanical Stressors / Direct Posture

15. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Assembly

16. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Assembly – More Neutral Posture

17. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Mechanical

18. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Mechanical – More Neutral Posture

19. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Spot Welding / Machining

20. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Spot Welding / Machining – More Neutral Posture

21. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Welding

22. Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture
Welding – More Neutral Posture

23. What is the ‘at risk’ posture?
What needs to be done to correct the at-risk posture?

24. What is the ‘at risk’ posture?
Neck tilt backwards, back tilt forward, shoulder forward greater than 45 degrees

25. What is the ‘at risk’ posture?
What needs to be done to correct the at-risk posture?

26. What is the ‘at risk’ posture?
Neck tilt sideways, back tilt forward, shoulder forward greater than 45 degrees