1. Elements of Art & Principles of Design

2. Elements of Art
Line
Shape
Form
Color
Value
Texture
Space

3. Line
Line: a mark made by a tool, brush, pencil, stick, pen, etc. A line is created by the movement of a tool and pigment and often suggests movement in a drawing or painting.

4. Types of Lines
Contour Lines- indicate the edges of forms and shapes and describe them in the simplest way.
Gestural Lines- indicate action and physical movement. Our eyes follow the line as they move across the page.
Implied Lines- our eyes often read edges of objects as implied lines. Dots and short lines also create implied lines across the page.

5. Shape
Geometric
Shape- Shape is an area that is created by connecting a solid line or it is contained within an implied line. It can be seen and identified because of color or value changes. Shapes can be either geometric and organic.
Organic
Picasso, Three Musicians

6. Shape Can Be Created With Positive & Negative Space
Positive Space
Negative Space

8. Form
Form-describes volume and mass, or the three dimensional aspects of an object that take up space.
Bernini, Apollo & Daphne,

9. Color –is the element of art that is produced when light, striking an object, is reflected back into the eye. Color depends on light because it is made up of it.
Color

10. Complimentary Colors

12. Value
Jean Metzinger, 1911

13. Monochromatic
Picasso

14. Texture
Actual Texture: describes the surface quality we can feel with our fingers.
Deborah Butterfield
VS.
Simulated Texture: (also known as visual texture) occur when a smooth painting surface appear to be textured.
Van Gogh, The Reaper, 1889

15. Texture continued…
Contrast between smooth and textured areas emphasizes the heavy texture.
Broken lines and edges help to emphasize actual textures.
Painting with a dry brush produces visual texture.
Color and value contrast help you “feel” the texture with your eyes.
Rouault, The Old King, 1937

16. Atmospheric Perspective
Space
Actual space is a three- dimensional volume that can be empty or filled with objects. It has width, height and depth.
Space that appears in three-dimensional in a painting or drawing is an illusion that creates the feeling of actual depth. Various techniques can be used to create this illusion.
Atmospheric Perspective
Linear Perspective
Overlapping

17. Example of Space In A Painting
Hard edges and more vibrant colors are in the foreground. While softer edges and colors are in the background.
Buildings overlap each other.
Size of people get smaller the farther they are in the distance.
Robert Henri, Snow in New York, 1902

18. Principles of Design Balance Movement Rhythm Contrast Emphasis Pattern
Unity

19. Balance Refers to the distribution of visual weight in a work of art.
Balance can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
Symmetrical Asymmetrical

20. Movement
Visual movement is used by an artist to direct the viewer’s eye through the artwork, often to a focal area.
Movement can be directed along lines, edges, shapes and colors within the artwork.

21. Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase, 1912
Rhythm
Rhythm is the repetition of visual movement—colors, shapes, or lines.
Variety helps keep the artwork exciting and active.
Grant Wood, Young Corn, 1931
Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase, 1912

22. Contrast
Refers to differences in value, colors, textures, shapes and other elements.
High Value Contrast
Color Contrast
Warm
Cool
Temperature Contrast
Texture Contrast

23. Andrew Wyeth, Christina’s World, 1948
Emphasis
Emphasis is defined as an area or object within the artwork that the artist makes stand out, in order to draw the viewer’s eye there first.
Where does your eye go first?
Goya, The Third of May, 1808
Andrew Wyeth, Christina’s World, 1948

24. Pattern
Pattern is a combination of elements or shapes repeated in a recurring and regular arrangement.
M.C. Escher, Sky and Water, 1938

25. Kandinsky, Several Circles, 1926
Unity
Unity in an artwork creates a sense of harmony and wholeness, by using similar elements within the composition and placing them in a way that brings them all together giving the artwork a sense of completion.
Kandinsky, Several Circles, 1926
Van Gogh, Starry Night, 1889