1. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
A way of understanding different people around the world

2. Task Research and jot down answers and sources to answer these:
Who was Maslow? Describe his life and his importance.
What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? Describe what it is and why it’s important.
What is convincing and not convincing about his theory? Why do you believe it or not?

3. WHO? Abraham Maslow (American psychologist)
Developed a theory of human needs
Theory has influenced a number of fields, including education
Humanistic approach: interested in the welfare of humans & their motivations, behaviors, & attitudes

4. ABRAHAM MASLOW was a leading humanistic psychologist (Third Force)
developed the Hierarchy of Needs
promoted the concept of self-actualization
was born in 1908, Brooklyn, New York

5. Maslow’s Early Life was the eldest of seven siblings
was a poor student as an adolescent
was pressured by dad to become an attorney
took one law class, dropped out of college for one year
entered U of WI one year later to study scientific psychology

6. Maslow’s Professional Life
studied dominance in monkeys
received Ph.D. in experimental psychology in 1934
was on the Brooklyn College faculty,
was on the Brandeis U faculty,
became a fellow of Laughlin Foundation in CA
died in 1970, age 62

7. WHAT: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Self- Actualization
Status (Self-Esteem)
Social (Sense of Belonging)
Security
Survival
Source:

8. Hierarchy of Needs
growth
emotional
physical

9. HOW: Hierarchy defined
SELF ACTUALIZATION
Make most of unique abilities. “Born to do”
Need for self-respect (esteem) & recognition from others STATUS
Sense of belonging: family, clubs, rel., wrk. Need to be accepted & needed SOCIAL
Properly functioning society that provides SECURITY for all members through laws, limits, order, stability.
‘Born to be’
Need for body to achieve homeostasis: food, water, sleep, air, constant body temp. SURVIVAL

10. Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological Needs

11. Physiological Needs
food
water
air
sleep

12. Food: A Most Powerful Need
South American Rugby team crashed in 1970
Food was the most pressing problem.
They ate human flesh for survival.
Even the strongest taboo was broken to fill the basic need for food.

13. Food: A Most Powerful Need
Ik tribe in Uganda forced to give up hunting and live on unfertile land
long standing social mores dissolve - people became psychopathic
“ngag”, word for food, also becomes word for good
parents steal food from children, children from other children

14. Hierarchy of Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs

15. Safety Needs from physical attack from emotional attack
from fatal disease
from invasion
from extreme losses (job, family members, home, friends)

16. Safety: A Most Powerful Need
when frightened, our thoughts and energies are diverted
threat of, or actual attack creates “fight or flight” reaction
threats to safety can be physical or emotional

17. Hierarchy of Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs Love & Belonging

18. Inclusion - part of a group: colleagues, peers, family, clubs
Love and Belonging
(social/emotional)
Inclusion - part of a group: colleagues, peers, family, clubs
Affection - love and be loved
Control - influence over others and self

19. Love and Belonging: A Most Powerful Need

20. Hierarchy of Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs Esteem Needs
Love & Belonging
Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs

21. respect from others through: awards honors status
Esteem Needs
emotional (ego)
respect from others through: awards honors status
respect for self through: mastery achievement competence

22. Esteem from Self and Others: A Most Powerful Need
Congratulations

23. Hierarchy of Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs Esteem Needs
B- Needs
(being)
Higher needs
Self-Actualization
Needs
Esteem
Needs
Love & Belonging
Needs
D- Needs
Deficit
Survival
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs

24. Some Self-Actualizing People from History?
Abraham Lincoln
Thomas Jefferson
Mahatma Gandhi
Albert Einstein
Eleanor Roosevelt
William James
Benedict Spinoza

25. Self-Actualization Needs
stop cruelty and exploitation
encourage talent in others
try to be a good human being
do work one considers worthwhile
enjoy taking on responsibilities
prefer intrinsic satisfaction
seek truth
give unselfish love
be just

26. More Needs of the Self-Actualized
Truth
Goodness
Beauty
Unity
Aliveness
Uniqueness
Perfection and Necessity
Completion
Justice and order
Simplicity
Richness
Effortlessness
Playfulness
Self-sufficiency
Meaningfulness

27. Qualities of the Self-Actualized
An non-hostile sense of humor
Intimate personal relationships
Acceptance of self and others
Spontaneity and simplicity
Freshness of appreciation
More peak experiences
Democratic values
Independence

28. Peak Experiences Moments of Pure Bliss

29. Questions
1. If you are simultaneously hungry for food but also desire love, which need will be more important?
2. If you simultaneously have a club meeting and rebels are raiding your neighborhood, which need will be more important?

30. Levels Levels 1 – 4 are deficiency needs
Self Actualization is a being need
This means Self Actualization only becomes important once all other needs are met or almost met

31. WHY?
Why will this model will be useful in our studies of world cultures?
Why is this theory useful in helping us understand ourselves and our community?
Finally, what does Maslow’s theory teach us about humanity and how we may choose to live our own lives?

32. Influence

33. Influence

36. Criticism
“Here’s the problem with Maslow’s hierarchy,” explains Rutledge.  “None of these needs — starting with basic survival on up — are possible without social connection and collaboration. … Without collaboration, there is no survival. It was not possible to defeat a Woolley Mammoth, build a secure structure, or care for children while hunting without a team effort.  It’s more true now than then. Our reliance on each other grows as societies became more complex, interconnected, and specialized. Connection is a prerequisite for survival, physically and emotionally.”

37. More criticism
Nain’s Porous Hierarchy