2. Dutch in South Africa
In 1652, the Dutch came to settle in South Africa.
They believed the land was theirs.
The Dutch defeated many Africans.
Forced them to be their servants & slaves

4. Dutch in South Africa cont.
Became worried Africans might rise up against them.
To prevent an uprising, the Dutch made Africans carry ID cards/passbooks when they left their employer’s property.

5. British in South Africa
In 1806, Britain took over the colony from the Dutch.
When diamonds and gold were discovered, the British forced blacks off the mineral-rich land.

6. Nationalist Party
In 1948, the racist Nationalist Party was elected to power.
The Nationalist government combined all the poor treatment of blacks into an official policy called apartheid.

7. Apartheid Apartheid = apartness (in Afrikaans)
Tried to completely separate the small number of whites from the black majority.
Started in 1948
Ended in 1994

8. Four Categories of Apartheid
White
Black
Asian
Colored
(people of mixed racial ancestry)

9. Four Categories of Apartheid
Lived in wealth & comfort.
Controlled everything.
Had to live on reserves.
Couldn’t vote.
Little education.
Had to have passbooks to travel.
Treated better than blacks.
Able to go to high school & get good jobs.
Treated better than blacks.
Able to go to high school & get good jobs.

12. Life for Blacks during Apartheid
Men had to leave their homes to find work in mines and factories in white areas.
Away from families for 11 months
Women tried to farm or worked as a servant for white families.
Some blacks lived in shanty towns on the edge of cities.

14. Shanty Towns & ANC
Shanty towns became centers for blacks who resisted against the white government.
Example: African National Congress
These groups resisted apartheid by refusing to work, refusing to buy white products, going into “whites only” areas, and marching in nonviolent protests.

16. Government Fighting Back
In 1986, the South African government tried to stop protests by:
Arresting, torturing, and imprisoning over 20,000 people.
Blacks, ANC, & countries around the world continued to fight for equality.

17. Finally…Change began
African National Congress became an official political party of South Africa.
ANC party leaders were released from prison.
Nelson Mandela
He was in jail for 27 years for fighting against apartheid.

18. It’s over! In 1994, everyone in South Africa could vote.
Nelson Mandela became president
Apartheid was finally over!!

19. Video Clip