1. Language of Anatomy

2. What do these words mean??
ANATOMY
and
PHYSIOLOGY

3. Anatomy
The study of the shape and structure of the body AND their relationship to each other
- 2 bones meet = a joint.
Examples:
AND

4. Physiology The study of how the body works or functions.
Examples: What functions are these 2 pictures showing?

5. Examples: Write anatomy or physiology next to the descriptions
1. Viewing an x-ray for broken bones.
2. Drawing blood from a patient.
3. Listening to a patient’s heart.
4. Viewing blood flowing through blood vessels.
5. Breast examination for lumps.
6. Testing urine for the presence of sugar.

6. Anatomical Position
What do you notice about the body’s position?

7. Anatomical Position Body is erect (head straight ahead)
Arms are at sides
Hands facing forward
Feet together

8. Which picture(s) demonstrates anatomical position?

9. Which diagram(s) are in Anatomical Position

10. Why is it important to have anatomical position?
To accurately describe body parts/position
Initial reference point
Avoid confusion
Used by all medical personnel
Used with directional terms

11. Directional Terms

13. Opposites Superior (above) and Inferior (below)
Anterior (front) and Posterior (behind)
Medial (middle) and Lateral (side)
Superficial (surface) and Deep (inside)

14. - more to the back or behind D. Medial
Superior
- higher than another structure (closer to head)
B. Anterior
-more in front of another structure
C. Posterior
- more to the back or behind
D. Medial
-structure closer to the midline
E. Lateral
- structure that is further away from mid-line

15. F. Proximal
- closer to root of limb (point of attachment)
G. Distal
- farther away from limb (point of attachment)
H. Inferior
- below another structure (closer to the feet)
I. Superficial
- closer to the surface of the body
J. Deep
- away from the surface of the body (internal)

16. Choose a body part that fits the directional term
Superior -
Inferior -
Anterior -
Posterior -
Medial -
Lateral -
Superficial -
Deep -

17. Choose the body part that best fits the directional term
Superior – chest or abdominal region
Inferior – foot or knee
Anterior – nose or mouth
Posterior – shoulder blades or breast bone
Medial – upper arm or armpit
Lateral – nose or cheeks
Superficial – skin or muscle
Deep – skull or brain

18. Why is it important to have directional terms?
Precise
Avoids confusion
Used by all medical personnel and
anatomists world wide to explain:
To explain EXACTLY where 1 structure is in relation to another structure

19. The head is _________ to the abdominal region.
2. The chest is __________ to the shoulder blades (back).
3. The buttock is _________ to the genital region.
4. The breast bone is ______to the breasts.
5. The cheeks are ________to the nose.
6. The wrist is ______________ to the hand.
7. The ankle is ________________ to the foot.
8. The belly button is ________ to the neck.
9. The skin is ______________ to the heart.
10. The heart is __________ to the ribs.

20. The head is superior to the abdominal region.
2. The chest is anterior to the shoulder blades (back).
3. The buttock is posterior to the genital region.
4. The breast bone is medial to the breasts.
5. The cheeks are lateral to the nose.
6. The wrist is proximal to the hand.
7. The ankle is distal to the foot.
8. The belly button is inferior to the neck.
9. The skin is superficial to the heart.
10. The heart is deep to the ribs.

21. Body planes

22. Body Planes A.Midsagittal Equal left and right body parts B. Sagittal
Unequal right and left halves
Parellel to midsagittal
C.Frontal
Front and back body parts
D.Transverse
Upper and lower body parts

23. Midsagittal

24. Transverse Plane

25. Frontal Plane

26. Can you name the 3 body planes?1 2 3

27. What are Regional Terms?
A way to organize structures by areas
The names might reflect a structure found there (femoral = femur bone)
Composed of many structures
Representing many body systems