1. Where does it stand against National and International Security?
Human Security
Where does it stand against National and International Security?
Gauri S Nadig, I39024

2. What is Human Security?
Security for the people from state, natural or societal violence or the fear of it.
The Commission on Human Security defines it as, “to protect the vital core of all human lives in ways that enhance human freedoms and human fulfillment”
First published in the UNDP Human Development Report (1994).
Encompasses seven areas: economic, food, health, environmental, personal, community and political.
Two major concepts : Freedom of Want and Freedom of Fear

3. Scope of Human Security
Organized crime and violence
Genocide and conflict ridden violence
Trafficking
Poverty and/or unemployment
Hunger and/or famine
Deadly diseases and poor healthcare
Environmental degradation
Natural and Man-made disaster
Domestic, ethical, religious, physical violence and crime
Child abuse and labor
Terrorism
Political repression

4. Human vs National Security
“Human security complements state security”
But can conflict with each other based on regime and state power
Secure states does not necessarily mean secure people
National security mainly focuses on military threats within a state.
Military retribution from state leads to conflicting human security interests within the state
National security heavily leans on firepower, whereas human security depends on people’s contribution and development

5. International Role in Human Security
Rise of international organizations the promote human security
Such as: War Crime Tribunals, International Criminal Court, UN Peacebuilding Commission.
There are both international governmental and non-governmental organizations that contribute to the implementation of human security
UNHCR, UNICEF, ICRC are examples of implementer and catalysts in human security
Humanitarian intervention does more harm than good for human security
Almost 200,000 civilians have died from US intervention in Iraq and Afghanistan

6. In conclusion Human security’s main focus is on the individual
For developing countries, state sovereignty and security trumps over human security
Human security offers a wider safety net for the people from healthcare to economic guarantee
Although it has been accepted more in an international stage, states find it hard to accommodate policies focusing on individuals

7. Fin.