3. The life cycle of a moss (Bryophyta)
Mature sporophytes
Young sporophyte
Male
gametophyte
Raindrop
Sperm
Key
Haploid (n)
Diploid (2n)
Antheridia
Female gametophyte
Egg
Archegonia
FERTILIZATION
(within archegonium)
Zygote
Archegonium
Embryo
Female gametophytes
Gametophore
Foot
Capsule (sporangium)
Seta
Peristome
Spores
Protonemata
“Bud”
MEIOSIS
Sporangium
Calyptra
Capsule with peristome (LM)
Rhizoid
Mature
sporophytes
Spores develop into
threadlike protonemata. 1 2 3 4 8 6 5 7
Figure 29.8

4. Bryophyte diversity Figure 29.9 LIVERWORTS (PHYLUM HEPATOPHYTA)
HORNWORTS (PHYLUM ANTHOCEROPHYTA)
MOSSES (PHYLUM BRYOPHYTA)
Gametophore of
female gametophyte
Foot
Sporangium
Seta
500 µm
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
Figure 29.9

5. The life cycle of a fern Figure 29.12 1 2 3 Key Haploid (n)
Diploid (2n)
Antheridium
Spore
Young
gametophyte
MEIOSIS
Sporangium
Archegonium
Sperm
Mature
sporophyte
Egg
New
sporophyte
Zygote
Sporangium
FERTILIZATION
Sorus 6 4
Gametophyte
Fiddlehead 5
Figure 29.12

6. Seedless vascular plants
LYCOPHYTES (PHYLUM LYCOPHYTA)
PTEROPHYTES (PHYLUM PTEROPHYTA)
WHISK FERNS AND RELATIVES
HORSETAILS
FERNS
A quillwort
A spike moss
A club moss
Strobili
(clusters of
sporophylls)
Vegetative stem
Strobilus on
fertile stem
Figure 29.14