1. Chapter 20: The Rise of an Urban Order
NATION OF NATIONS, SIXTH EDITION
DAVIDSON • DELAY • HEYRMAN • LYTLE • STOFF

2. Preview
“At the center of the new industrial order was the city. But to accommodate the global migration of laborers and families, to support the sprawling factories and the masses who kept them going, urban centers of the late nineteenth century had to reinvent themselves.”

3. Running and Reforming the City City Life City Culture
The Highlights
A New Urban Age
Running and Reforming the City
City Life
City Culture

4. Day 1
Who was Andrew Carnegie?
What is urbanization?
What is immigration?

5. Turning Points
Minute 1:00-4:00

6. A New Urban Age
The Urban Explosion
USA population tripled, urban population 7x
Cities’ relations to regions around them shaped natural and economic environments
Farms to feed, lumber consumed, etc…
The Great Global Migration
Jobs, over population, Louis Pasteur discovered bacteria causes infection
million immigrants
The “new” immigration from southern and eastern Europe in the 1880s

7. Immigration and Population, 1860-1920

8. The Shape of the City
Ringed settlement with city center and zones of emergence from poverty
Suburban homes
Urban Transportation
Electricity Trolley, Cable & Street car, Suburbs
Mass transit freed the middle class and poor to live miles from work
Bridges and Skyscrapers
Suspension bridges
Cloudscrapers: open floors ideal for warehouses, office buildings and department stores

9. Growth of New Orleans to 1900

11. Chap 16 sec 1 The Americans pg 61

12. Day 2
Define mass transit
List two examples of mass transits at the beginning of the 20th century
How did mass transit lead to the rise of suburbs?

13. Slum and Tenement
Perils of the slum neighborhood alcoholism, gangs, prostitution, gambling, crime
Diets and disease led to early death
Sewage and Water Purification helped
Dumbbell tenement spread “like a scab” window shafts filled with garbage and fire spread

14. Running and Reforming the City
Boss Rule
Political machine- organization that controlled a political party headed by a political boss
The boss made $ through dealings
A crude welfare system for supporters
Rewards, Costs and Accomplishments
Boss William Tweed and Tammany Hall made $13 million off of $250,000
Bosses guided immigrants and helped underprivileged up from poverty
Toll was often outrageous or lethal

15. Chinese Exclusion Act Turning Point 1881-1900 minute 3:50-6:36

16. Nativism, Revivals, and the Social Gospel
Nativism: a defensive and fearful nationalism blamed economic woes on foreigners
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882): banned the entry of Chinese laborers
Social Gospel: focused on improving the conditions of society Salvation Army
The Social Settlement Movement
The settlement house living in the slums
Jane Adam’s Hull House 1889
Lobbied for social legislation to improve housing, women’s working conditions and public schools

17. 20-4 Jane Adams

18. Day 3
What is the Social Gospel Movement?
How did Boss Tweed commit graft?
What was a tenement?

20. City Life
The Immigrant in the City
Ethnic neighborhoods with a 10 year turnover
Adapting to America language and customs
Married later & more kids & less education
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882 led to more gangs, prostitution, crime, males after San Francisco earthquake 1906 paper children
Assimilation difficult for kids & parents
Urban Middle-Class Life
The home as haven and status symbol
The middle-class homemaker relied on brand names Jell-O, Campbell's

21. Victorianism and the Pursuit of Virtue
Victorianism- personal conduct be based on orderly behavior and disciplined moralist, manners essential, gender roles w/ women as void vessels devoid of lust, men lustful beast
Woman’s Christian Temperance Union later “Do Everything” prostitution, education, suffrage

22. Comstock Law (1873) fought pornography Banned all material designed to icnite lust Challenges to Convention 3/4 of women enjoyed sex, 1/3 of woman had abortion, and the use of animal sheaths Victoria Woodhull ran for president 1872 “I am a free lover”

23. Chap 15-2 The Americans pg 53

24. Day 4 What was the Chinese Exclusion Act? What was Nativism?
How did Nativism and the Chinese Exclusion Act dispel the idea of America as a melting pot?

25. City Culture
Public Education in an Urban Industrial World
% no education 20% illiterate
: an educational awakening occurred
Schools taught conformity and values in addition to reading, writing and arithmetic
Mc Guffey reader
Higher Learning and the Rise of the Professional
Morrill Act of 1862 created land grant universities and technical colleges
Postgraduate education
Higher education for women

26. African American education
% of African Americans could read
Plessey v. Ferguson 1896 dismantled educational gains
W.E.B. Du Bois- PHD from Harvard founded Niagara Movement insisting Blacks should pursue liberal arts education in order to have well educated community leaders
Booker T Washington- racism would end once Blacks acquired useful skills and proved their economic value to society- founded Tuskegee Institute to this end

27. A Culture of Consumption
Department stores
Chain stores and mail-order houses
Leisure
Sports and class distinctions
Spectator sports for the urban masses
Arts and Entertainment
The streets, the saloon, dance halls, boxing exhibitions, concerts and theater
Popular music and the coming of jazz
Circus- Barnum & Bailey- utilized railroads

28. AP PAGE 209-211 The Americans Chap 16 sec 4 pg 64

29. Day 5
Where did W.E.B. Du Bois go to school?
What did Booker T Washington believe about education?
What was the Niagara Movement?

30. How successful were women in achieving independence and equality in the 1920s? How successful were African Americans? Log into Wikispace post a response Bring in a hard copy