1. Hitler and Mussolini Take Control of Germany and Italy
Rise of Fascism
Hitler and Mussolini Take Control of Germany and Italy

2. Focus Questions What is Fascism?
Militant political movement that relied on Dictatorial Rule and maintained rigid control of the people through force and censorship

3. Common Problems In Germany and Italy
Economic Chaos
Heavy Nat’l debt
Inflation
High unemployment
Food shortages
Raw materials shortage
Strikes, lockouts, violence
Discontent over Versailles

4. Benito Mussolini Founds the Italian Fascist Movement in 1919
Promises to rebuild Italy’s economy and military
Gains Support of the Military and Veterans—BLACK SHIRTS
Groups of fascists led by Mussolini that attacked Socialists and Communists in the streets
Extremely Anti-Communist

5. Benito Mussolini October 1922: MARCH ON ROME
Mussolini becomes the Premier of Italy by threat of force against King Victor Emmanuel III

6. Benito Mussolini
1925: Mussolini and the Fascists take complete control of Italy
Mussolini takes the Title “IL DUCE”
Fascists outlaw Democracy and forbid any other political parties
Italy improves economically
Reduces Unemployment
Increases Military Strength

7. Adolf Hitler World War I Veteran and unsuccessful “Starving Artist”
Actually born in Austria, but joins German army during World War I.

9. Bob Ross
Don’t confuse his art with Hitler’s art

10. Hitler comes to Power BROWN SHIRTS – Nazi Street Thugs
Nationalist Socialist Workers Party (NAZI) forms in Munich Following WWI—
BROWN SHIRTS – Nazi Street Thugs
Hitler becomes its Leader
Jailed in 1923: BEER HALL PUTSCH
Attempted Overthrow of the Weimar Republic
While in he wrote “MEIN KAMPF” (My Struggle)
Describes his goals for the German Nation

11. Beer Hall Putsch

12. Beer Hall Putsch

13. Hitler comes to Power

14. Hitler comes to Power 1933: Hitler is Appointed Chancellor of Germany
Calls for New Elections—Trying to get More Nazis in Gov’t
Reichstag Fire—Blamed on Communists…Won Elections
Hitler Soon Names himself Dictator and Takes the title “DER FUHRER”
By Naming Hitler as Reichschancellor, you have delivered up our holy Fatherland to one of the greatest rabble-rousers of all time. I solemnly predict that this accursed man will plunge our Reich into the abyss and bring our nation into inconceivable misery.
-Erich Ludendorff, letter to Hindenburg, Feb

15. Hitler—First Actions Forms the Gestapo- Secret Police Judges replaced
“When I hear the word culture, I reach for my gun”
Judges replaced
Universities taken over- all education
May 1, Complete Censorship of media
June, 1933-All parties (ex. Nazi) outlawed
Nuremberg Laws: Laws depriving Jews of their Rights