1. Voyages of Discovery
Learning Targets 7.58 and 7.73

3. Learning Targets Learning Target 7.58 Learning Target 7.73
I can identify the voyages of discovery, the locations of the routes (Da Gama, Dias, Magellan), and the influence of cartography in the development of a new worldview.
I can identify the voyages of discovery, the locations of the routes, and the influence of technology in the developments of a new European worldview, including cartography, compass, caravel, and astrolabe.

4. Seeking New Trade Routes
The maps used by Columbus and other early explorers included only 3 continents: Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Some explorers also thought that the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans ran together to form the Ocean Sea.

5. Portugal Leads the Explorations
Portuguese rulers wanted to find a new route to China and India because they did not have a Mediterranean port and could not be involved in the trade between Europe and Asia.
The Portuguese also wanted to find a more direct way to get West African gold.

6. Early Portuguese Voyages
Prince Henry the Navigator established a navigation school in 1420, bringing astronomers, geographers, and mathematicians to share their knowledge.
Portuguese ships sailed along the coast of West Africa where they traded gold, ivory, and slaves. The African coast became known as the Gold Coast.

7. Bartolomeu Dias
“My quest is to sail around the most southern tip of Africa, to open up trading routes to India…. Moral[e] is high, the seas are peaceful and we are excited to discover and sail around the southern most tip of Africa. We will make history!”

8. Bartholomeu Dias 1487 Sailed around the southern tip of Africa
Named the area “Cape of Storms”
Portugal’s king renamed the area “Cape of Good Hope” because he hoped it would lead to a new route to India

9. Bartolomeu Dias’ Voyage

10. Vasco da Gama
Sailed down the coast of West Africa, around the Cape of Good Hope, and along the coast of East Africa
Completed a voyage to India

11. Vasco da Gama’s Voyage

12. Christopher Columbus Born in Genoa, Italy in 1451
Became a sailor for Portugal
Columbus believed he could reach Asia by sailing west.
Convinced King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to finance his voyages
Promised to bring Christianity to new lands
If a new route to Asia was found, Spain would become very wealthy.

14. Columbus’s First Voyage
Set sail August 3, 1492 after stopping for repairs and supplies in the Canary Islands
90 sailors and 3 ships (Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria)
Landed in the Bahamas on October 12, 1492
Named the land San Salvador and claimed it for Spain
Thought he had found the East Indies (now the area is called the West Indies)
Called the local people Indians

15. Columbus’s Later Voyages
Columbus made three more voyages for Spain (1493, 1498, 1502)
Explored the Caribbean islands of Hispaniola, Cuba, and Jamaica
Explored the coasts of Central America and northern South America
Claimed lands for Spain and established settlements

16. Christopher Columbus’ Voyages

17. Treaty of Tordesillas
Pope Alexander VI drew a line of demarcation dividing the new lands between Spain and Portugal.
Portugal protested so the line was moved farther west and the treaty was signed.
Spain was to control all the lands west of the line.
Portugal was to control all the lands east of the line.

19. Ferdinand Magellan
“The church says the earth is flat, but I know that it is round, for I have seen the shadow on the moon, and I have more faith in a shadow than in the church.”

20. Ferdinand Magellan First explorer to sail around the world
The Strait of Magellan is named in his honor.
He gave the Pacific Ocean its name, which means “peaceful.”
Magellan was killed in the Philippines, but his crew continued the voyage, becoming the first men to circumnavigate (go all the way around) the globe.

21. Magellan’s Route