1. Warm-Up
Update your agenda. Note the important dates for October.

2. Human Beginnings How do we learn about the past? What is a hominin?
Where do scientists believe humans originated?
How did humans spread across the earth and how long did it take?

3. Archaeologist
a person who studies human history using artifacts and fossils

4. Artifact
a human-made object

5. Fossils
The remains of plants or animals. These can be bones or imprints found in layers of rock

6. Excavation
excavation is the process of finding archaeological remains. An excavation site or "dig" is a site being studied.

7. Early Humans
What have archaeologist learned about early human tool making?
Humans made basic tools of stone like flint. They grinded the edges with other rocks to make them sharp.
Flint is a type of rock

8. Early Humans
Where did hominins settle? -Near food and fresh water -Live in a place where the climate is not too hot or too cold

9. Early Humans
Where did hominins settle? -Most scientists believe that hominins settled in East Africa because there was plentiful food (fruits and animals) -How do we know?

10. Early Humans
Where did hominins settle? -Over a long period of time, humans slowly migrated to Asia and Europe -Humans followed their food sources that were constantly moving

11. Early Humans Originated in Eastern Africa Hominins = Walk upright
The first human-like creatures
4.5 million years ago

12. Early Humans
Homo Habilis
2.5 million years ago
Used stone tools

13. Early Humans
Homo Erectus
1.7 million years ago
Means “upright man”

14. Early Humans Homo Neanderthalensis (Neanderthals) 300,000 years ago
Used fire
Hunted small animals

15. Early Humans
Homo Sapiens
200,000 years ago
Large-brained

16. Early Humans
During the last Ice Age (100,000 BCE – 8,000 BCE), the water level in the oceans dropped
This revealed the Bering Land Bridge, connecting Asia to North America
Since more of the world’s water was frozen in the polar ice caps, there was less water in the oceans.
Think of this as the opposite of global warming.

17. Migration
When a large group of people or animals moves from one place to another
Humans originated in Africa and slowly migrated to different parts of the world over thousands of years
Why didn’t humans
stay in the same place?

18. Nomadic People who move from place to place without a permanent home
Humans were nomadic until the Neolithic Revolution (10,000 BCE – 2,000 BCE)
This means humans moved from place to place for millions of years and migrated to different parts of the world

19. This is the end of today.
You can work on your vocabulary work sheet or ‘What can artifacts tell us?’
They are both due on Thursday.

20. Human Migration Worksheet
Read the passage about how humans spread from Africa to the other continents
Complete the charts on the back of the reading that show different human migrations throughout different points in history
Draw a symbol on each map, showing where humans were living.
Answer the questions about each date

21. Where did Humans Settle?
150,000 BCE
Humans were living in Africa because of the warm weather
Plenty of food was available (fruits, berries, and animals)

22. Where did Humans Settle?
80,000 BCE
Earth’s climate turned much colder.
Humans migrated to Southwest Asia in search of food and water

23. Where did Humans Settle?
40,000 BCE
The Ice Age came to an end, so people started moving further north into Europe

24. Where did Humans Settle?
15,000 BCE
Humans migrated from Asia to North America through the Bering Land Bridge