1. CAPITALIZATION
Holt Chapter 21 page
FIRST WORDS

2. Capitalize the first word in every sentence.
All students attend advisory either before or after lunch.
Early dismissal due to the heat will be determined on a weekly basis.
Students are expected to be in the classroom when the tardy bell rings.
Capitalize the first word in every sentence.

3. Capitalize the first word of a directly quoted sentence.
She asked, “When is the first football game?”
He answered, “The first football game is Friday, August 29th.”
“Do you want to go together?” they said at the exact same time.
Capitalize the first word of a directly quoted sentence.

4. We all had the same thought: How are you going to decide which attractions to visit?
We all agreed that the city has many worthwhile attractions: museums, theaters, parks, and zoos.
Capitalize the first word after a colon only if the word begins a complete sentence.

5. FIRST PERSON PRONOUN—I
CAPITALIZATION
Holt Chapter 21 page
FIRST PERSON PRONOUN—I

6. Capitalize the pronoun I. (The world is not an endless text message.)
I read all of the pages I was assigned.
I need to check my teacher’s website for assignments.
Did you know that I can help you with that before or after school?
Capitalize the pronoun I. (The world is not an endless text message.)

7. PROPER NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
CAPITALIZATION
PROPER NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES

8. Capitalize names of people and pets.
Yadier Molina
William Shakespeare
Lassie
Holt Chapter 21 page
Capitalize names of people and pets.

9. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
J.K. Rowling
Dr. John Pullman, D.D.S.
Holt Chapter 21 page
Capitalize initials in names and abbreviations that come before or after a name.

10. Capitalize geographical names.
Morgan County
Jacksonville, Illinois
1211 N. Diamond St.
the Midwest
the Grand Canyon
Holt Chapter 21 page
Capitalize geographical names.

11. Jacksonville High School
St. Louis Cardinals
American Cancer Society
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Holt Chapter 21 page
Capitalize the names of organizations, teams, government bodies, and institutions.

12. Tuesday, February 25
Labor Day
the Roaring Twenties
Industrial Revolution
Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade
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Capitalize the names of historical events and periods, special events, holidays and other calendar items.

13. Do not capitalize the seasons unless they are part of proper nouns.
a summer morning
Annual Spring Fling
the first day of autumn
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Do not capitalize the seasons unless they are part of proper nouns.

14. Capitalize the names of nationalities, races, and peoples.
Australian
Lakota
New Yorkers
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Capitalize the names of nationalities, races, and peoples.

15. Christian
a Jewish holiday
praying to Allah
Koran
Good Friday
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Capitalize the names of religions and their followers, holy days and celebrations, sacred writings, and specific deities.

16. The Greek goddess Demeter influences the seasons.
Zeus, an all-powerful god, had twelve wives.
An owl is the symbol of the goddess Athena who is known for her wisdom.
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The words god and goddess are not capitalized when they refer to the deities of ancient mythology, but the names of specific gods and goddesses are capitalized.

17. Capitalize the names of businesses and the brand names of products.
Crest toothpaste
Abercrombie & Fitch
Bath & Body Works
Quaker oatmeal
Holt Chapter 21 page
Capitalize the names of businesses and the brand names of products.

18. Mercury
the evening star Venus
Ursa Major
the constellation Orion
the Milky Way
Holt Chapter 21 page
Capitalize the names of planets, stars/constellations, and other heavenly bodies.

19. total eclipse of the sun
the earth and the moon
Mercury, Venus, and Earth
Holt Chapter 21 page
The word earth is not capitalized unless it is used along with the names of other heavenly bodies that are capitalized. The words sun and moon generally are not capitalized.

20. Chevrolet Corvette
Toyota Sienna
the Orient Express
the shuttle Discovery
Mercury Cougar
Holt Chapter 21 page
Proper names of boats or cars (and other transportation) are generally capitalized.

21. Capitalize the names of awards, memorials, and monuments.
Nobel Peace Prize
Washington Monument
Congressional Medal of Honor
Heisman Memorial Trophy
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Capitalize the names of awards, memorials, and monuments.

22. the Florence Bridge
Illinois College
Buckingham Palace
Illinois Theater
a drawbridge in Pike County
one of the colleges in town
a palace in London
the theater in town
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Capitalize the names of particular buildings and other structures. (Generally, do not capitalize words like hotel, theater, college, high school, post office, and courthouse unless they are part of a proper name.)

23. American history
Spanish, English, German
Art I
biology
concert choir
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Do not capitalize the names of school subjects except the names of language classes or course names that contain a number.

24. freshmen soccer players
Junior Prom Committee
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Do not capitalize the class names freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior unless they are part of a proper noun.

25. CAPITALIZATION
TITLES

26. Mrs. Symons
Superintendent Ptacek
Assistant Principal Dillard
Representative C.D. Davidsmeyer
Dr. Stevenson
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Capitalize a person’s title when the title comes before the person’s name.

27. The senator is running for re-election.
The doctor will see you next.
Go see Mr. McGiles, the principal!
Thank you, Senator!
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Generally, a title that is used alone or following a person’s name is not capitalized, especially if that title is preceded by a or the. Titles used alone in direct address, however, generally are capitalized.

28. my uncle Jack
Uncle Gary
your grandma
Yes, Dad, I’ll finish my homework now.
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Capitalize a word showing a family relationship when the word is used before or in place of a person’s name, unless the word follows a possessive noun or pronoun.

29. The New York Times
Chapter 21
“The Most Dangerous Game”
The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet
“A Rose for Emily”
the Jacksonville Journal Courier
Holt Chapter 21 page
Capitalize the first and last words and all important words in titles and subtitles.

30. Unimportant words in a title include articles a, an, the; prepositions with fewer than five letters: in, of, for, and so forth; coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or, for, nor, so, yet; and the sign of the infinitive: to. Capitalize an article (a, an, the) at the beginning of a title or subtitle only if it is the first word of the official title or subtitle.
Holt Chapter 21 page

31. there are many beautiful and exciting places to see in New york State!
adirondack park is located in the Northern corner of the state.
whiteface mountain is the highest skiing peak in the east, and it is the only high peak in the adirondacks reachable by car.
in 1935, president franklin d. roosevelt opened the new state highway to the mountaintop.
the 1932 and 1980 winter olympic games were held at lake placid, located just South of whiteface mountain.

32. the niagara river and niagara falls are located in Western new york.
more than 10 million visitors a year come to see the great Falls, which native Americans call the “thunder of the waters.”
there are five homes designed by the american Architect frank lloyd wright in the Western New York City of buffalo.
to cross over to Central new york, you can rent a Houseboat and cruise the historic erie canal.
the new york state capitol building is in albany.

33. for bob smith, the first day at Washington high school had not begun well.
bob had not wanted to move to new york and leave his old school in centerville, Indiana.
however, his Father had accepted a job at st. john’s university, and his mother had been offered a job as a reporter for the new york times, so they moved in august.
the Bus this morning had been delayed in traffic on maple street.
bob’s first class was History with mr. Harris.

34. 6. finally, He found Room 302 and took a seat.
7. mr. Harris was telling the class about the Field Trips they would be taking throughout the semester.
8. when mr. Harris finished his lecture, the girl sitting next to bob smiled and extended her hand.
9. “i am sarah carter,” She said, “And this is my first day here.”
10. perhaps tuesday, september 2, was going to be a good day after all.

35. TYPES OF SENTENCES

36. DECLARATIVE SENTENCE: STATEMENT
The regular school day at Jacksonville High School consists of eight periods.
Students at Jacksonville High School are expected to be dressed appropriate to the school setting.

37. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE: QUESTION
Where is the cafeteria?
When is the first football game?
Is there a club for that?

38. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE: COMMAND/REQUEST (understood you)
Do not wear hats, hoods, or bandanas in the school building.
Be in class and ready when the tardy bell sounds.

39. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE: STRONG COMMAND
Sit down and be quiet!

40. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE: EXCLAMATION (showing emotion)
We won the football game!
I got an A on my first test!

41. The lynx is a wildcat that measures up to three feet in length
What color is the lynx
It has a brownish-gray coat with a black, bobbed tail and black ear tufts
It is so adorable
Look for the lynx in dense forests
What is the purpose of camouflage
Lynxes are successful hunters because their prey cannot differentiate between them and the dense forest
Have you ever wondered why the lynx is endangered
What a sad thing that is
Read this article if you want to learn more