1. Today’s goals
Introduce grammar lesson 2: commas and sentence structure
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Review for quiz 2

2. Homework WTR Draft 3 Turnitin.com Registration Due Monday 10-2
Printed AND submitted online to Turnitin.com
1,000+ words
Should reach the end of your story
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Password: 4 English

3. Quiz 2 review Descriptive writing: Prose Types Story Criteria –
Scale of abstraction
Concrete words
Abstract words
Dominant impression
Prose Types
Open form prose
Closed form prose
Thesis
theme
Story Criteria –
Depiction of events through time
Connectedness
Tension
Resolution
Commas and sentence structure
Independent clause
Dependent clause
Nonrestrictive elements
Coordinate conjunctions

4. Editing and local revision
Editing, particularly with local revisions, requires two separate skills:
Perception
The ability to identify incorrect forms or parts of the essay that need revision
Knowledge
In order to make appropriate corrections, you must know the correct form (spelling/grammatical/MLA format/etc.) to use or the intended goal of a piece and how best to accomplish it at the sentence level
We will work to cultivate both of these skills in our monthly editing and grammar classes

5. Editing and Revision Two types of revision:
Local revision: whenever you make changes to a text that affect only one or two sentences.
Grammar and spelling revision usually falls into this category
Local revisions should be focused on towards the end of the writing process, after global revisions or changes that affect the content of the essay
Global revision: when a change in one part of your essay affects other parts of your essay
Any changes to your thesis statement or thesis question will likely fall here
Also includes changes to the main ideas of the essay, the structure, purpose, audience, and genre
Changes to topic sentences and transitions also fall here
You should be globally revising your essay throughout the writing process and certainly with every new draft.
Global revisions are the most important revisions

6. Class discussion- sentence structures
What are the necessary elements in an English sentence?
What is a clause?
What is the difference between a compound sentence and a complex sentence?
Where/why do we add commas in a sentence?

7. Clauses
Clause - a unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence in rank and in traditional grammar said to consist of a subject and predicate.
Independent clause - a group of words that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. An independent clause is a sentence.
Ex: Jim studied in the lab for his chemistry quiz.
Dependent clause - a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. A dependent clause cannot be a sentence. Often a dependent clause is marked by a dependent marker word.
Ex: When Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz . .
Most common dependent marker words: after, although, as, as if, because, before, even if, even though, if, in order to, since, though, unless, until, whatever, when, whenever, whether, and while.

8. Clauses and sentence structure
Compound sentences: have more than one independent clause. The base structure of a compound sentence will have one of two forms:
Independent clause, (coordinating conjunction) independent clause
Ex: Amy was the team captain, and she was also an ‘A’ student
Independent clause; independent clause
Ex: Amy was the team captain; she was also an ‘A’ student

9. Clauses and sentence structure
Complex sentences: have an independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses. The base structure of a complex sentence will have one of two forms.
Independent clause (subordinate conjunction) dependent clause
Ex: Amy was the team captain because she had the most experience
(Subordinate conjunction) Dependent clause, independent clause
Ex: Because she had the most experience, Amy was the team captain
Note: it is possible to have sentences that are compound as well as complex

10. Examples
Where would we add commas here to separate dependent and independent clauses? Are these sentences compound, complex, or both?
I have never been to Australia but I have always wanted to go
Because I was always so stubborn I couldn’t admit defeat
We won’t have more paper until I go to the store
The scientist wasn’t sure about his theory and it showed in his presentation
Although I have always wanted to play basketball I am probably too short

11. conjunctions Coordinate conjunctions Subordinate conjunctions
(dependent clause marker words)
Remember: FAN BOYS
For
And
Nor
But Or
Yet So
Because
Although
After
Before
While
Though
Unless
Until
(and many others)

12. Common Comma Usage Separate clauses (may require a conjunction)
List items in a series
Offset quotations
Offset titles/address
Offset Introductory element
Show non-restrictive elements

13. Items in a series A and B A, B, and/or C A, B (for adjectives)
Examples:
I bought a soda hamburger and fries from McDonalds
I went to the store mailed my bills and walked the dog
I have never seen such a colorful elegant dress before
Jason brought cups and napkins to the party

14. Nonrestrictive Elements
Where would it be necessary to add commas to show nonrestrictive elements here?
Her stepfather whom she disliked intensely was a deadbeat
The three police officers who had just finished eating donuts arrived at the scene of the crime

15. Group activity- unit 1 grammar
In your unit 1 groups, edit the following material
Based on using commas to separate clauses, add comas to the following sentences if necessary and identify the sentences as compound, complex, or both.
Although I like sunbathing at the beach to get a tan I hate to get sunburn.
I hate going to math class althogh the professor is nice
Because I studied all night I was too tired to focus and I flunked the exam.
We could go to the movies and have diner or we could just stay home.
Based on using commas to offset non-restrictive elements, add commas to the following sentences, if necessary, and explain why you chose to add them in that location.
Fishermen who do not obey catch and release laws are often fined.
The star athelete who had won many games was given a gold medal.
Based on using commas to list items in a series, add commas to the following sentences, if necessary, and explain why you chose to add them in that location.
I went to the gym lifted waits drank a shake and went home.
While your at the grocery store, please pick up eggs milk and bread.
She gave her husband a quick unexpected slap.

16. Homework WTR Draft 3 Turnitin.com Registration Due Monday 10-2
Printed AND submitted online to Turnitin.com
1,000+ words
Should reach the end of your story
Turnitin.com Registration
ID:
Password: 4 English