1. Chapter 1: The Athletic Trainer as a Health Care Provider

2. Athletic trainers specialize in preventing, recognizing, managing and rehabilitating injuries
Function as a member of a health care team which also incorporates and involves a number of medical specialties
Provide a critical link between the medical community and physically active individuals

4. Historical Perspective
Early History
Evidence suggests that coaches, physicians & therapists existed in ________ and __________________
________________________________________
Athletic trainers came into existence in the late 19th century in intercollegiate & interscholastic sports
Early treatments involved _____, _______ ________, ____________, and __________.

5. Evolution of Contemporary Athletic Trainer
Traditional setting of practice included colleges and secondary schools
________________________________________
Today certified athletic trainers (____) work in a variety of settings and with a variety of patient populations
_________________, ___________, _________, _________________, __________, ________, _______________

6. Rapid evolution of the profession following WW I
Athletic trainers became specialists in preventing and managing injuries
Dr. S.E. Bilik wrote, _______________________
The Cramer brothers developed a line of liniments to treat ankle sprains (1920’s) and followed the publication ____________________
In the ______’s the NATA started to come into existence but then disappeared during WW II
In ______ the NATA was reorganized and it has continued to flourish and expand

8. With the evolution of the profession a number of milestones have been achieved
Recognition of Acts as healthcare providers
______________________________________
Passage of practice acts
Third party reimbursement for athletic trainers
___________________________________ ___________________________________

9. Changing Face of Athletic Training Profession
Role of the athletic trainer is more in line, today, as a health care provider
40% of athletic trainers are employed in ______, _______, ________ and _________ __________
Also involved in ________, performing arts, military, _______, medical equipment & sales, law enforcement, and the ___ ___________
Has resulted in changes in athletic training education

10. https://youtu.be/jc8hEk5QCic

11. Figure 1-3

12. Becoming more aligned as a clinical health care profession
Athletic trainers do not just provide medical care to athletes or those just injured during physical activity
Becoming more aligned as a clinical health care profession
Requires terminology changes
Patients and clients vs. athletes
Athletic clinic or facility vs. athletic training room
Athletic trainers – ________________!!

13. Sports Medicine and Athletic Training
Broad field of medical practices related to physical activity and sport
Involves a number of specialties involving active populations
Typically classified as relating to performance enhancement or injury care and management

14. Sports Medicine Human Performance Management Injury
Exercise Physiology
Practice of Medicine
Athletic Training
Biomechanics
Sport Psychology
Sports Physical Therapy
Strength Conditioning
Sports Massage
Personal Fitness Trainers
Sports Podiatry/ Orthotists
Sports Dentistry

15. Growth of Professional Sports Medicine Organizations
International Federation of Sports Medicine (1928)
American Academy of Family Physicians (1947)
National Athletic Trainers Association (1950)
American College of Sports Medicine (1954)
American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (1972)
National Strength and Conditioning Association (1978)
American Academy of Pediatrics, Sports Committee (1979)
Sports Physical Therapy Section of APTA (1981)
NCAA Committee on Competitive Safeguards and Medical Aspects of Sports (1985)
National Academy of Sports Medicine (1987)

16. Figure 1-1

17. Sports Medicine Journals
A variety of publications exist, providing excellent resources to the sports medicine community
Journal of Athletic Training
Journal of Sports Rehabilitation
International Journal of Sports Medicine
Physician and Sports Medicine
Clinics in Sports Medicine
American Journal of Sports Medicine
Sports Health
Athletic Therapy Today
Training & Conditioning
Athletic Training & Sports Health Care

18. Roles & Responsibilities of the Athletic Trainer
Charged with _______ __________and ______ ______ _________for an injured patient
Athletic trainer deals with the patient and injury from its inception until the athlete returns to _____ ____________

19. Roles and Responsibilities: Board of Certification Domains
______________
Clinical evaluation and diagnosis
Immediate care
___________, ____________, and _____________
Health care administration
___________ _____________

20. Prevention Ensure safe environment Conduct _________ _________
Develop _________ and ___________ ___________
Select and fit protective equipment properly
Explaining important _____ and ________ __________
Ensure appropriate medication use while discouraging substance abuse

21. Clinical Evaluation & Diagnosis
_________ nature and extent of ________
Involves both ___ and ________ evaluation skills and techniques
Understand pathology of injuries and illnesses
Referring to _______ __________
Referring to supportive services
Immediate Care
Administration of appropriate first aid and emergency medical care (____, _____)
Activation of emergency action plans (____)

22. Treatment, Rehabilitation Reconditioning
Design preventative training systems
___________ program design
___________ rehabilitation programs
Incorporation of therapeutic ________ and _________
Offering psychosocial intervention
Organization & Administration
_________ ____________
Ordering supplies and equipment
Establishing policies and procedures
Supervising personnel

23. Professional Responsibilities
Athletic trainer as ________
Athletic trainer and _________ __________
Athletic trainers as __________
Athletic trainers as ____________
Incorporation of evidence medicine and participating and acquisition of evidence for efficacy of patient care

24. Personal Qualities of the Athletic Trainer
Stamina and the ___________________
Empathy
__________________
_______________
Intellectual curiosity
Ethical practice
Professional memberships

25. Athletic Trainer and…
Athlete-
Parents-
Team Physician-
Coach-

26. Support Health Services & Personnel
Physicians
Dentist
Podiatrist
Nurse
Physicians Assistant
Physical Therapist
Occupational Therapist
Massage Therapist
Ophthalmologist
Dermatologist
Gynecologist
Exercise Physiologist
Biomechanist
Nutritionist
Sport Psychologist
Coaches
Strength & Conditioning Specialist
Social Worker
Neurologist
Emergency Medical Technician

27. Accredited Athletic Training Education Programs
Entry-level athletic training education programs
In 2016, ____ undergraduate programs, ___ total master’s programs
__ Bachelor’s and __ Master’s Programs in Texas
Advanced graduate athletic training education programs
Designed for individuals that are already certified ATs

28. Post-Professional Athletic Training Education Programs
___ post-graduate programs are certified by the NATA Graduate Education Committee
Designed to enhance _________ and ________ ___________of already certified athletic trainers

29. https://youtu.be/YR3ZUSB7NBQ

30. Athletic Training Education Competencies
Twelve Content Areas
Risk management
Pathology of _______ and ________
Orthopedic clinical examination & diagnosis
________________
Pharmacological aspects of injury and illness
___________________

31. Athletic Training Education Competencies
__________ & __________ exercise
General medical conditions and disabilities
Nutritional aspects of injury and illnesses
Psychosocial intervention and referral
_____________________________
_________________& ________________

32. Foundational Behaviors of Professional Practice
“People” components of the profession
Recognizing the primary focus of practice should be the patient
Understanding that competent health care requires a team approach
Being aware of legal elements of practice
Practicing ethically
Advancing the knowledge base in athletic training
Appreciate cultural diversity
Being an advocate and model for the AT profession

33. Specialty Certifications
NATA is in the process of developing specialty certifications
Purpose
To provide the athletic trainer with _________ _________________that demonstrates attainment of ___________ and _______ that will __________ _______________, enhance health-related patient quality of life, and optimize ___________________in specialized areas of athletic training practice

34. Requirements for Certification as an Athletic Trainer
Graduate from an _________ _________
Guidelines are set by the Board of Certification (BOC)
Pass BOC- _______________________
BOC can be a _____________ for state Licensure, but not always
Pass State Licensure exam
TX: ____________ & _____________

35. Continuing Education Requirements
Ensure ongoing __________ __________ and _____________
Requirements that must be met to remain certified
___ CEUs over the course of two years
___ CEUs are EBP related

36. Purpose:
To encourage athletic trainers to obtain current professional development information
To explore new knowledge in specific areas
To master new athletic training related skills and techniques
To expand approaches to effective athletic training
To further develop professional judgment
To conduct professional practice in an ethical and appropriate manner

37. CEUs are awarded for:
Attending symposiums, workshops, seminars
Serving as a speaker or panelist
Certification exam model
Participating in the USOC program
Authoring a research article; authoring/editing a textbook
Completing post-graduate work
All certified athletic trainers must demonstrate proof of current CPR/AED certification

38. State Regulation of the Athletic Trainer
During the early-1970s NATA realized the necessity of obtaining some type of official recognition by other medical allied health organizations of the athletic trainer as a health care professional
Laws and statutes specifically governing the practice of athletic training were nonexistent in virtually every state

39. Athletic trainers in many individual states organized efforts to secure recognition by seeking some type of regulation of the athletic trainer by state licensing agencies
To date __ of the __ states have enacted some type of regulatory statute governing the practice of athletic training
Rules and regulations governing the practice of athletic training vary tremendously from state to state

40. Regulation may be in the form of:
Licensure
_______ practice of athletic training to those who have met __________ _____________ established by a state licensing board
Limits the _____________________ who can perform functions related to athletic training as dictated by the practice act
Most ___________ of all forms of regulation

41. Certification Registration
Does not restrict using the title of athletic trainer to those certified by the state
Can restrict performance of athletic training functions to only those individuals who are certified
Registration
Before an individual can practice athletic training he or she must register in that state
Individual has paid a fee for being placed on an existing list of practitioners but says nothing about competency

42. Exemption
State recognizes that an athletic trainer performs similar functions to other licensed professions (e.g. physical therapy), yet still allows them to practice athletic training despite the fact that they do not comply with the practice acts of other regulated professions
Legislation regulating the practice of athletic training has been positive and to some extent protects the athletic trainer from litigation

43. Future Directions for the Athletic Trainer
Will be determined by the efforts of the NATA and its membership
Ongoing re-evaluation, revision and reform of athletic training education
Further recognition of CAATE by CHEA will further enhance credibility
Athletic trainers must continue to actively seek third party reimbursement for athletic training services
Standardization of state practice acts

44. Athletic trainers will seek specialty certifications
Expanding breadth and scope of practice
Increase in secondary school employment of athletic trainers
Increase in recognition of athletic trainers as physician extender
Potential for expansion in the military, industry, and fitness/wellness settings
With general population aging = increased opportunity to work with aging physically active individuals
Continue to enhance visibility through research and scholarly publication

45. Continue to be available for local and community meetings to discuss health care of the athlete
Increase recognition and presence internationally
Most importantly, continue to focus efforts on injury prevention and to provide high quality health care to physically active individuals regardless of the setting in which the injury occurs