1. Study Viscosity of Crude Oil of Khurmala Oilfield
Salahaddin University- Erbil
Study Viscosity of Crude Oil of Khurmala Oilfield
MSc. Rawand S. Abdullah 𝑎𝑛𝑑 Muzaffar Wali
College of Science/Chemistry Department

2. Outlines Viscosity Crude oil Viscosity and API of Crude oils
Khurmala Oilfield
Experimental
Temperature Effect

3. Viscosity
The viscosity of a fluid is its resistance to flow. It can be used as an index in quality control applications of oils, paints or other fluids where flow is a critical property. Viscosity coefficients: • Dynamic viscosity, also absolute viscosity, the more usual one (Pa·s, Poise, P). • Kinematic viscosity is the dynamic viscosity divided by the density ( 𝑚 2 /s, Stokes, St).

4. Crude Oil
Crude oil is a complex mixture of various components. Depending on its geographic origin.
Both a crude oil's viscosity and its API degree are important parameters for classification.
Crude oil's viscosity can vary from a low-viscosity liquid to up to tar-like, nearly solid form.

5. Viscosity and API of Crude Oils
Crude Oil Kin. API Gravity Viscosity [mm²/s] °API at Temp. Arabian Light 10.7 at 20 °C 34.2 Brent 2.86 at 50 °C Bonny Light 2.90 at 50 °C Boscan at 100 °F 10.1 Escalante 307 at 38 °C 39.6 Kutubu 2.1 at 20 °C 44 Tia Juana Light 8.8 at 100 °F 31.9 Heavy 88.6 at 100 °F 12.3 West Texas Intermediate 4.9 at 20 °C 39

6. Khurmala Oilfield
Oil Wells: Consist of (71) oil wells, these are spread across the field and are connected with piping that transport the oil to three collecting stations, with (20-24) oil well per station. Khurmala oil field is a source of feeding Erbil refinery with the crude oil through a 20" x40km pipeline and also to supply a part of the crude oil produced to the national export pipelines.

7. Khurmala Oilfield
Khurmala Oilfield-CPS
Helawa village-Hawler

8. Experimental
In practice a liquid of known viscosity and density is used to calibrate the Ostwald viscometer. Then for any other liquid 𝜌= 𝑊 𝑊 𝑟 𝜌 𝑟 𝜌= 𝑉 𝑟 𝑉 𝜌 𝑟 η= 𝜌 𝑡 𝜌 𝑟 𝑡 𝑟 η 𝑟 where the subscripted 𝑟 values refer to the reference sample.

9. Temperature Effect
Arrhenius (1912) expressed this dependence as η=𝐴 𝑒𝑥𝑝 𝐸 η 𝑅𝑇 with A a constant for a given liquid and 𝐸 η the activation energy for viscous flow. 𝐥𝐧 η = 𝐥𝐧 𝑨 + 𝑬 η 𝑹 𝟏 𝑻 𝝏 𝒍𝒏 η 𝝆 𝝏 𝟏 𝑻 = ∆𝑯 𝑹 ∆𝑺=? ∆𝑮=?

10. Thank You For Your Attention