1. Standard Diabetes Education
Lesson 2

2. Food and Diabetes Food is one of three important things about diabetes
gives you
energy!
One way to meet and
Talk with friends
Activity
Food
Medication

3. You will learn that the amount you eat is very important! No!!!!
You will still be able to
Enjoy almost all the
Foods you love.
Now that I have diabetes,
do I have to
Give up my favorite foods?
You will learn
that the amount
you eat is very
important!

4. What is the difference between bad food and good food?
There is no BAD food!
What is important is the decisions you make about:
What kind of food you eat
How much you eat

5. What are vitamins and minerals?
Vitamin C
keeps you
healthy
Do not have
calories
You need iron
and calcium
to build blood
and bones
Important for
healthy skin
and eyes
Vitamin A helps
your vision

6. How much food do I need?
Calories
Energy
Activity
Growth
Health

7. CAUTION
Out
Energy In
Energy
Weight gain

8. Where does energy (calories) come from?
Food comes in three different types of energy:
Carbohydrate
Protein
Fat

9. Carbohydrates Where are carbohydrates (carbs) found? Bread Flat bread
Sugar, jelly, honey, syrup
Pasta
Potatoes
Snacks like pretzels and chips
Biscuits
Tortilla
Milk, ice cream and yogurt
Beans
Rice
All fruits
Corn
Green, yellow, purple, red vegetables
Desserts like cake, candy, pies, cookie

10. What are healthy carbs? Low fat milk and Whole grains breads yogurt
and cereal
Any kind of fresh
fruit
Pasta, boiled or
steamed rice,
noodles

11. What are healthy carbs? Baked potato Beans: navy lima, kidney
chili, lentils
Any kind of
vegetables
Snacks: thin pretzels
Baked chips
Low fat popcorn

12. How many carbs should I eat everyday?
The Food Guide Pyramid will help you figure out how many carbs to eat each day
Carbs are not “free”
Foods!!!

13. REMEMBER! Any carb will give your body energy
Only healthy carbs give your body other important benefits
Healthy carbs are full of vitamins and minerals

14. “Free foods”

15. Sugar is a carbohydrate.
Can I eat sugar?
It is a good idea
to eat less of all
carbs
Avoid sugar
drinks!
Examples of sugar:
table sugar, brown
sugar, honey, maple
syrup, corn syrup and
fructose
Your blood sugars
may go too high if
you eat large
amounts of
carbs
Avoid foods
that
have a lot
of sugar!!

16. How many teaspoons of sugar are there in a 20 oz bottle of soda?
This is enough sugar to raise your blood sugar about 200 points!!

17. What about if I just start eating sugar free foods?
Sugar-free foods tend to cost more money
Sugar-free does not mean carbohydrate free!!!
They may have natural carbs like milk or sugar alcohols
How can
that be???
Sugar alcohols are: Mannitol, Xylitol, and Sorbitol
Sugar alcohols may give you an upset stomach if you eat large amounts

18. What about sugar substitutes?
They are safe!
Aspartame
(NutraSweet®)
Acesulfame-K
(Sunett®)
Sucralose
(Splenda®)
Saccharin
(Sweet’N low®)

19. Protein Repairs and builds muscle
Is also a source of energy for your body
Where is protein found?
‣Chicken
‣Beef
‣Duck
Meat
and
Milk
group
‣Eggs
‣Turkey
‣Pork
‣Deer
‣Fish
‣Cheese
‣Beans
‣Milk
‣Peanut butter

20. Fat Helps carry vitamins to the cells Helps food taste better
Too much fat can make you fat!!!
Too much fat can make your heart work too hard
Fat is found in:
Grease and
lard
Butter
Margarine
Coconut
Nuts & seeds
Avocados &
guacamole
Salad
dressing
Oils

21. What are combination foods?

23. What source of energy is in each of these foods?

24. Diabetes Food Guide Pyramid
Your Meal Plan
Diabetes Food Guide Pyramid

25. How can I plan my meals using food stamps?

26. The 3 parts of taking care of diabetes are:
Food
Medication
Activity

27. Pick the food: C
C + P C P P F F C F C C

28. Taking care of diabetes with medicine
Can I take pills
instead of shots?
Some children
with type 2 can control
their blood sugar
with diet and
exercise
Most kids need to add
Pills. Some may need
insulin
Your doctor or
diabetes educator will
determine which one is
best for you!

29. Important info about medicines in the TODAY trial!!!!
How do I take my medicine?
Morning: 2 pills
with breakfast
Evening: 2 pills
with dinner

30. What do the diabetes pills do?
Glipizide and Glyburide:
Tell the body to make more insulin
Tell the muscle to use the insulin
better
Not used very much with children
Metformin (Glucophage):
Tell the body’s cells to open the doors
DOES NOT cause the body to make more insulin
One of the medicines used in the TODAY study

31. What do the diabetes pills do?
Actos or Avandia:
Also tell the body’s cells to open the doors
Do not cause the body to make more insulin
Some kids will use Avandia in the TODAY study
Injections:
Insulin replaces what the pancreas can no longer make. Sometimes insulin is used along with one of the pills

32. I’m taking all my pills – why is my blood sugar not going down?
It can take a few days (even weeks) for the medicines to work well
Do not stop taking your pills!
Do not get frustrated – your team is here to help you

33. I’m feeling different on
these medicines – why?
Some kids feel “funny” as their blood sugar gets closer to target. Tell your team if you feel:
Dizzy or have
headaches
Upset stomach or
diarrhea
Do not stop taking your pills!!!!!

34. What if I forget to take my pills?
If it is 1 to 2 hours after you should have taken your pills – take them when you remember
If it is longer than 2 hours – don’t take the dose Make a note in your log about missing the dose
Never take the morning and evening doses at the same time!
If you forget your pills – make a note in you logbook

35. Tips to remember your medicines
Sticky notes
on the bathroom
mirror
Reminders next to your
blood sugar meter
Mom or dad reminds
you
Calendar
reminders
Set the alarm on
Your watch

36. It’s our holiday and we fast for a day
What do I do?
Talk to your diabetes team
Do not make any changes to your medicines unless you talk with your team!
Check your sugar an extra time or two
Keep drinking water during your fast

37. Will I ever have to take shots?
Maybe
There are times when
Insulin is needed
High blood sugar
During an illness

38. Will I ever have to take shots?
Insulin
Pills and
insulin
Pills
Diet Exercise Checking blood sugar
Cell doors are closed
Tired pancreas

40. Feelings Why did it happen to me? I don’t think this is going
to explode…

41. How might you handle these feelings?
Understand your
feelings! Talk
about your
feelings.
Congratulations!!
The only way your diabetes
Team can know how you are feeling
About yourself or your diabetes Is
IF YOU SAY IT!
When your diabetes team
evaluates your diabetes control
as GOOD or BAD, they are
not evaluating you
AS A PERSON