1. The Phenomenon of Memory
Can you remember the Seven Dwarfs ?

2. Exercise Results… What made the task difficult?
Memory= Persistence of learning over time.
What made the task difficult?
Encoding- info in brain
Storage- retain over time
Retrieval- getting it back out

4. Could you almost get it? Syllables? Beginning letter? Meaning of word?
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon=
The retrieval process does not produce a complex response.

5. The passage is about a Kite.
Half Close Eyes….
The passage is about a Kite.

6. How do we encode? Can you recall the Twelve Days of Christmas?
Rehearsal- 1vhs&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mod e=1&safe=active
Write down the US presidents….
(not really)
Serial Position effect-

8. What do we encode?
Visual Imagery- If a visual picture accompanies words, recall improves
Meaning- If a passage is given context, recall improves
Tell K story
Mnemonic Devices= any memory device used to aid memory( organization, auditory or visual cues)
Ex?

9. FUN FACT

10. Types of Memory
Short Term Memory- A form of transient memory. Max Capacity is 7 +/- two.
( Processed in Hippocampus)

11. Short term memory exercise

12. Types of Memory
Long Term Memory- information is held for days, hours, years.
Parceled out in cortex

13. Types of Long-term Memory

14. Subtypes of Explicit Memory
Key words: long-term memory; explicit memory; declarative memory; episodic memory; semantic memory

15. Episodic memory Memory tied to your own personal experiences Examples:
Q: Why are these explicit memories?
A:Can actively declare your answers
Key words: long-term memory; explicit memory; declarative memory; episodic memory

16. Semantic memory Memory not tied to personal events
General facts and definitions about the world
Examples:
Key words: long-term memory; explicit memory; declarative memory; semantic memory

17. Subtypes of Implicit Memory
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; procedural memory; classical conditioning; priming

18. Classical conditioning
Pavlov
Natural reflex
Conditioned reflex CR
(salivation)
UCR
CS (ringing bell)
Neutral stimulus + UCS (food in mouth) (ringing bell)
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; procedural memory; classical conditioning; priming

19. Procedural memory
Memory that enable you to perform specific learned skills or habitual responses
Processed in Cerebellum
Examples:
Q: Why are these procedural memories implicit?
A: No conscious memory needed
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; procedural memory

20. WATER Priming Pass out demonstration sheets Half closes eyes
Key words:
Notes:
This is a demonstration of conceptual priming. There are two sheets. Half the class gets one sheet; the remaining half gets the second sheet. It is important not to let the class know there are two different sheets. I generally give tyhe front half of the class the first sheet and the back half of the class the second sheet. Regardless it is necessary to prevent giving different sheets to people sitting in close vicinity to one another. I also tell students they should complete the task themselves without help from their neighbors. I generally give the students this demonstration before telling them what priming is, so they don't have any expectations of what I'm trying to do.
As for the actual demo, on both sheets, students are given a list of scrambled words. Students merely have to unscramble the letters. One sheet contains scrambled words relating to flowers. The other relates to kitchen utensils. The key priming word is the very last scrambled word: L T E P A. Those who received the list with flower words will write "P E T A L". Those who received the utensils list will write "P L A T E". That is, the responses to the last word were primed by the words that appeared before.

21. Priming demonstration
Unscramble the following word:
L T E P A
Answer:
P E T A L
P L A T E
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming

22. Priming Why did half the class say plate and the other half say petal?
They were primed to do so
There were two different sheets of unscrambled words
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming

23. Priming sheet 1 F I N E K K N I F E O P O N S S P O O N K R O F P U C
Unscramble the following word:
F I N E K
O P O N S
K R O F
P U C
E C U S A R
L T E P A
Answer:
K N I F E
S P O O N
F O R K
C U P
S A U C E R
P L A T E
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming

24. Priming sheet 2 N Y P A S P A N S Y F E L A L E A F K T A L S D U B
Unscramble the following word:
N Y P A S
F E L A
K T A L S
D U B
L O B S O M S
L T E P A
Answer:
P A N S Y
L E A F
S T A L K
B U D
B L O S S O M
P E T A L
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming

25. Two types of priming
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming; conceptual priming; perceptual priming

26. Conceptual priming
Thoughts involve activation of concepts stored in semantic memory
Example: Previous priming demonstration
Example: If you hear a story about a pitbull, when someone later asks you to name a dog, you’re more likely to say “pitbull”
emAQ
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming; conceptual priming

27. Perceptual priming Can you identify the fragmented stimulus below?
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming; perceptual priming

28. Perceptual priming
What if you were shown the following slide earlier in the lecture?
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming; perceptual priming

29. Perceptual priming
Can you identify the fragmented stimulus to the right?
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming; perceptual priming

30. Perceptual priming
What if you were shown the following slide earlier in the lecture?
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming; perceptual priming

31. Perceptual priming
A priming stimulus enhances ability to identify a test stimulus (physical features)
Why is priming implicit?
Don’t need to conscious recall
Key words: long-term memory; implicit memory; non-declarative memory; priming; perceptual priming