1. Energy Statistics
In this class I repeatedly cite energy facts and energy statistics
By "energy fact" I mean scientific data
E.G., the heat energy liberated per gram of carbon burned,
which should change only if refined data are generated
By "energy statistics" I mean things like annual U.S. energy consumption
Which is constantly changing,
and will have to be updated in these notes every year
This "note set" is my attempt to manage such updates by recording in one place:
- Statistics I currently use, their values, and their sources,
- The lecture(s) in which they are cited
An Introduction to Sustainable Energy Systems: WeCanFigureThisOut.org/ENERGY/Energy_home.htm

2. U.S. Electrical Power Production - Summary
EIA 1990 EIA 2011 EIA 2012 EIA 2014 WP 2015 EIA 2040
Coal 53% 42% 46% 39% 34% 35%
Natural Gas 13% 25% 20% 27% 30% 30%
Petroleum 1% 1%
Nuclear 19% 19% 21% 19% 20% 17%
Hydro %
Wind % 5%
Solar % 1%
Biomass %
Geothermal %
All Renewable 11% 13% 13% 13% 16%
Source of data for each column given in following pages

3. U.S. Electrical Power Production
EIA 1990/2011/2040 = EIA - Annual Energy Outlook 2015 with projections to 2040:
Lecture(s): Carbon Fuels - Fossil, Biomass & Biofuel
Electrification of Transportation
EIA 2014 = EIA - FAQs 2014: What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source:
Lecture(s): Power Plant Land and Water Requirements
WP 2015 = Washington Post, Mapping how the United States generates its electricity:
Original Source: "Washington Post analysis of Energy Information Administration"
(this lecture also includes the WP state by state data)

4. U.S. Electrical Power Production
From the preceding figure, U.S. average power in 2015 ~ 4 trillion kW-h / yr ~ 456 GW
Lecture(s): Carbon Fuels - Fossil, Biomass & Biofuel
Vs. EIA - Net Generation by Energy Source - Total All Sectors to 2013:
Source:
Which states that Total U.S. Energy Production in 2012 = 4,047,765 GW-h
Dividing this by 365 x 24 hours => US average power in 2012 = 462 GW
Lecture(s): Power Plant Land and Water Requirements
Power Cycles and Energy Storage, Broader Impacts & Requirements II

5. U.S. Electrical Power Production
EIA - Primary Energy Consumption by Source & Sector (2012)
Source:
Lecture(s): Hydro and Wind Power
Data for Electric Power Sector:
Petroleum: 1%
Natural Gas: 20%
Coal: 46%
Renewable: 13%
Nuclear: 21%

6. U.S. and Individual State Electrical Power Production:
National Public Radio (2014)
Source:
Lecture(s): Carbon Power, Next Gen Nuclear Power

7. U.S. Renewable Electrical Power Production
Breakdown of U.S. renewable energy sources in 2012
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_States
Original source:
Lecture(s): Hydro and Wind Power
Hydroelectric: 58%
Wind: 26.9%
Biomass: 11%
Geothermal: 3.2%
Solar: 0.8%
Combining this with 13% number for all renewable power in preceding EIA figure
Hydro = 58% of 13% = 7.5% of total U.S. Power
Wind power = 26.9% of 13% = 3.5% of total U.S. Power

8. U.S. Electrical Power Production
Biomass Energy (1997) = 16.7 GW
Source: "Introduction to Energy & the Environment" by Edward S. Rubin
Based on comparison to preceding EIA figure's 400 GW total in ~ 1997:
=> 4.2% of 1997 U.S. total power vs. EIA 2014 value of 1.7% cited above
Lecture(s): Carbon Fuels - Fossil, Biomass & Biofuel
Anerobic Digestion of Agricultural Waste (2010) = 1.67 GW
Source: Energy Systems Engineering - Vanek, Albright & Angenent (McGraw Hill 2012)
Original Source cited as: EPA
Based on comparison to preceding EIA figure's 456 GW total in ~ 2010
=> ~ 0.37% of 1997 U.S. total power
Geothermal Energy (2013) = 16,517 GW-hr over year => 1.88 GW => 0.4%
Source:
Lecture(s): Exotic Power Sources

9. Solar Cell Efficiency Records
Annual chart published by the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Source:
Lecture(s): Solar Power / Next Generation Solar Power
An Introduction to Sustainable Energy Systems: WeCanFigureThisOut.org/ENERGY/Energy_home.htm

10. Levelized Cost of U.S. Energy
EIA - Cost of New Generation Resources, Annual Energy Outlook
2015 Report:
My cached copies of recent reports: 2011 / 2012 / 2013 / 2014 / 2015
Lecture(s): Economic Analysis Techniques and Results
Carbon Fuels - Fossil, Biomass & Biofuels
My Excel spreadsheet representation of such EIA data:
An Introduction to Sustainable Energy Systems: WeCanFigureThisOut.org/ENERGY/Energy_home.htm

11. Levelized Cost of U.S. Energy
2014 Lazard Levelized Costs of US Energy (version 8)
Source:
Lecture(s): Economic Analysis Techniques and Results
An Introduction to Sustainable Energy Systems: WeCanFigureThisOut.org/ENERGY/Energy_home.htm

12. Levelized Cost of U.S. Energy
Bloomberg / World Energy Council - Cost of Energy Technologies 2013
Source:
Lecture(s): Economic Analysis Techniques and Results
Plus breakdowns by:
- Specific Technology
- Location of deployment

13. Levelized Cost of Grid Level Energy Storage (in $/MW-h):
NREL - Hydrogen Energy Storage Analysis Overview
Source:
DOTY – Projection of Levelized Cost Benefit of Grid Scale Energy Storage Options
Source:
Lecture(s): Power Cycles and Energy Storage
Storage Technology NREL 2010 Doty 2010 NREL ~ 2015
Pumped Storage Hydro
Fuel Cell
V redox battery
Adiabatic CAES
Li ion battery
Flywheel
Lead Acid battery
NaS battery
NiCd battery
Ultra Capacitors

14. U.S. Power Consumption
EIA - Domestic production satisfies 84% of total U.S. energy demand in 2013 (below left):
Source:
Lecture(s): Power Consumption – Transportation
Power Consumption - Housing
Thomasnet.com - The Damage Done - How Detrimental Is Petrol (above right)
Source:
Original data source: EIA
Electrification of Transportation

15. U.S. Power Consumption EPA - Light Duty Automotive Technology
- Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Fuel Economy Trends through 2014:
Highlights:
Full Report:
Lecture(s): Power Consumption – Transportation

16. U.S. Power Consumption
EIA - Heating and cooling no longer majority of U.S. home energy use – 2009
Source:
Lecture(s): Power Consumption – Housing

17. Climatology and Climate Change
IPCC Fourth Assessment Report – Working Group 1 – 2007:
"Climate Change 2007 – The Physical Science Basis"
Source:
Lecture(s): Climatology and Climate Change

18. Climatology and Climate Change
IPCC Fifth Assessment Report – Working Group 1 – 2013:
"Climate Change 2007 – The Physical Science Basis"
Source:
Lecture(s): Climatology and Climate Change

19. Climatology and Climate Change
GRID Arendal - Historical trends in carbon dioxide concentrations
and temperature, on a geological and recent time scale
Source:
Lecture(s): Climatology and Climate Change

20. Climatology and Climate Change
National Research Council (Academies of Science and Engineering): America's Energy Choices
Source:
Lecture(s): Climatology and Climate Change

21. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Cumulative annual worldwide and U.S. emissions during the 1990's:
Source: Intro to Energy and the Environment – Edward S. Rubin (p. 40)
Lecture(s): Greenhouse Effect, Carbon Footprints & Sequestration
World US
CO2: Commercial Energy 22,900 5, \
Cement manufacturing and gas flaring 1,
Tropical deforestation 5,900 -
Total 29,800 5,300
CH4: Fossil fuel production 100
Enteric fermentation 85
Rice paddies 60
Landfills 40
Animal waste 25
Sewage 25
Total
N2O: Cultivated soils 3.5
Industrial
Biomass burning 0.5
Cattle and feed lots 0.4
Total
Other: CPC-11, -12,
HCFC
HFCs, PFCs, SF

22. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
EPA Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (million metric tons CO2 equivalent)
Source:
Lecture(s): Greenhouse Effect, Ccarbon Footprints & Sequestration
CO2: Fossil Fuel Combustion
Electricity Generation
Transportation
Industrial
Residential
Commercial
Non-energy use of Fuels
Steel Production / Mining
Natural Gas Systems
Cement Production
Waste/Cropland burning
Ammonia Production

23. (continuation of preceding table)
CH4: Enteric fermentations (a.k.a. flatulence)
Natural Gas Systems
Landfills
Coal Mining
Manure Management
Petroleum Systems
N2O: Agriculture soil management
Stationary Combustion
Manure Management
Mobile Construction
Nitric Acid Production

24. "There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies and statistics" - Mark Twain
An Introduction to Sustainable Energy Systems: WeCanFigureThisOut.org/ENERGY/Energy_home.htm

25. Credits / Acknowledgements
Some materials used in this class were developed under a National Science Foundation "Research Initiation Grant in Engineering Education" (RIGEE).
Other materials, including the "Virtual Lab" science education website, were developed under even earlier NSF "Course, Curriculum and Laboratory Improvement" (CCLI) and "Nanoscience Undergraduate Education" (NUE) awards.
This set of notes was authored by John C. Bean who also created all figures not explicitly credited above.
Copyright John C. Bean
(However, permission is granted for use by individual instructors in non-profit academic institutions)
An Introduction to Sustainable Energy Systems: WeCanFigureThisOut.org/ENERGY/Energy_home.htm