1. Introduction to Vet Science
Safety & Sanitation

2. Objectives GOAL 1 GOAL 2 GOAL 3
Students will gain an understanding of the types of hazards common in the veterinary hospital and the organization that regulates safety standards in the workplace. They will be able to read an MSDS and locate important safety information within it.
GOAL 2
Students will learn how to protect themselves from potential hazards in the workplace. They will be able to describe the correct methods of protection given scenarios describing hazardous situations.
GOAL 3
Students will investigate the differences between sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization, and be able to relate which cleaning method should be used in any given situation.

3. A Day in the Life
=related

4. What are some potential hazards of being a veterinarian?
Get with a partner and create a list of as many hazards you can think of!
You have 2 minutes….GO! 

5. Hazards
Animals
Bites
Scratches
Waste
Hazardous Chemicals
X-rays

6. What organization helps ensure safe and healthful working conditions?

7. OSHA
In order to “assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women”
Occupational Health and Safety Act
1970
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Monitor employee safety
Protect employees from injury
HCS (Hazard Communication Standard)
Must label chemicals
Flammable
Corrosive
Poisonous
Provide MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)

8. MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
Includes 8 sections:
Manufacturer Information
Hazard Ingredients/ Identity Information
Physical/ Chemical Characteristics
Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
Reactivity Data
Health Hazard Data
Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
Control Measures

9. Types of Safety Hazards
Physical Hazards
Chemicals Hazards
Biological Hazards
Zoonotic Hazards

10. Physical Hazards Animal injuries – bites, kicking, scratches
Back injuries – improperly lifting heavy objects or animals
Falls on wet floors
Exposure to x-rays

11. Chemical Hazards Drugs Cleaning agents Insecticides Anesthetic gases
Many hazardous chemicals are routinely used in veterinary hospitals.

12. Biological hazards Living tissue and organisms Blood Urine
Live vaccines
Medical waste that has had contact with living tissue (urine soaked blankets, bandage material, etc.)
Needles and scalpels “Sharps”

13. Zoonotic hazards Viruses Rabies (Hydrophobia)
Sleeping Sickness (Encephalitis)
Bacteria
Cat Scratch Fever
Leptospirosis
Salmonellosis
Brucellosis
Anthrax
Tuberculosis
Parasites
Sarcoptic mange
Toxoplasmosis
Visceral Larva Migrans (Toxocariasis)
Creeping Eruption (Ancylostomiasis)
Fungus
Ringworm

14. Activity #1 Analysis of MSDS Sheet

15. Safety signs & equipment
Danger
Radioactive
Biohazard
Wet Floor
Lead Gloves
Dosimeter
Back Brace
Lead Apron
Safety & Sanitation TM

16. Handling and Restraint
Most injuries animal related
Bitten or kicked
Knowing proper handling & restraint methods help reduce injuries
Practice on healthy & docile animals

17. Practice Common Cat Restraints

18. Drug Use and Safety
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
Passed in 1970
Regulates manufacture and distribution of drugs
Places drugs into one of five schedules
Kept locked
Only approved people have access

19. Drug Schedules Schedule I: no medical use – high abuse
Heroin, Methaqualone, LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, Marijuana, Hashish, Hash Oil, amphetamine variants.
Schedule II: accepted medical use – high abuse
Dilaudid, Demerol, Methadone, Cocaine, PCP, Morphine, and cannabis, amphetamine and barbiturate types.
Schedule III: accepted medical use – medium abuse
Opium, Vicodan, Tylenol w/codine, and narcotic, amphetamine and barbiturate types.
Schedule IV: accepted medical use – low abuse
Darvocet, Xanax, Valium, Halcyon, Ambien, Ativan, barbiturate types.
Schedule V: accepted medical use – very low abuse
Lomotil, Phenergan, liquid suspensions.
Safety & Sanitation TM

20. What is sanitation?

21. Sanitation
Process of keeping something free of any elements that would endanger health
Several methods used
Cleaning
Disinfecting
Sterilizing
Antiseptics

22. Types of Sanitation
Cleaning –physically removing all visible signs of dirt and organic matter such as feces, blood, hair, etc.
Disinfecting –destroying most microorganisms on nonliving things by physical or chemical means
Sterilizing – destroying ALL microorganisms and viruses on an object using chemicals and/or heat under pressure
Antiseptics – solutions that destroy microorganisms or inhibit their growth on living tissue
Safety & Sanitation TM

23. Commonly Used chemicals
Alcohols – ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol
Aldehydes – gluteraldehyde, formaldehyde
Chlorine – bleach
Iodine and Iodophors – Betadine, iodine
Quaternary ammonias – Centrimide, Quatsyl-D
Safety & Sanitation TM

24. Methods of Sanitation
Physical cleaning – using a chemical with a mop or sponge
Cold sterilization – soaking items in a disinfectant chemical until they are used
Dry heat – incinerating an object or exposing it to flame
Radiation – using ultraviolet or gamma rays
Filtration – removing particles from the air using a physical barrier
Ultrasound – passing high frequency sound waves through a solution to create a vibration that scrubs an object to remove debris
Autoclave – a sealed chamber in which objects are exposed to heat and steam under pressure
Safety & Sanitation TM