1. DECONTAMINATION AND INFECTION CONTROL
Chapter 5
DECONTAMINATION AND
INFECTION
CONTROL

2. Principles of Prevention
Proper care must be taken to meet rigorous health standards in order to prevent the spread of diseases.
Our clients depend upon us to ensure their safety

3. Principles of Prevention
Contamination
Pollution, soiled with infectious matter
Contaminate
To make impure by contact; to taint or pollute
Contaminant
Any substance that causes contamination

4. Decontamination levels
The act of removing pathogens and other substances from tools or surfaces
Sterilization
Disinfection
Sanitation
Only sanitation & disinfection are required in the salon

5. Disinfection
Disinfection controls microorganisms on nonporous surfaces such as instruments or implements
Higher level of decontamination than sanitation
Second only to sterilization
Does not kill bacterial spores
NOT for use on human skin, hair, nails

6. Definition Sterilization Process of making objects germ free
Highest level of decontamination
Destroys every organism on surface whether beneficial or harmful
Kills bacterial spores
Most resistant form of life on earth

7. Sterilization Steam autoclave –
Now required by TDLR in schools and nail salons
Most popular & preferred method due to proven history
Works like a pressure cooker
Steam injection
Temperature is raised above that of boiling water
Will eventually kill all living organisms, including bacterial spores

8. Sterilization Dry heat
Works like an oven
Objects are baked until all forms of life are dead
IMPORTANT POINT: Don’t use the word “sterilize” incorrectly. You can only sterilize nonporous surfaces, such as metal implements-you cannot sterilize the skin or nails. Sterilization is impractical and unnecessary in salons.

9. Definition Sanitation Sanitation & sterilization is governed by:
Measures taken to prevent the spread of infection
Sanitation & sterilization is governed by:
Texas Department of Licensing & Regulations
Health Department

10. Antiseptics May kill or retard the growth of bacteria
Mild solution that is safe on skin
Boric acid- 2 to 5% to clean eyes
Iodine- 2% used for cuts & abrasions
Hydrogen peroxide- 3-5% for cleaning cuts
Ethyl or grain alcohol-30%-60% solution-clean hands
Formalin- 5% solution-clean tools
Soap & water- used on hands and equipment before applying any of the above

11. EPA Environmental Protection Agency
Disinfectants must be approved by the EPA in your state
Label must contain EPA registration number
Label lists organisms the product has been tested for
Label gives directions for use
Label lists safety precautions
Label lists active ingredients

12. OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Created as part of U.S. Department of Labor to enforce safety and health standards in the workplace
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 established the Hazard Communication Rule, which requires manufactures to assess hazards associated with their products

13. MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets Provide pertinent information
Product content
Associated hazards
Combustion levels
Storage requirements
OSHA standards are important to cosmetology because of nature of chemicals used; mixing, storing, and disposal of chemicals; general safety, and our rights to know what we are working with

14. Choosing a disinfectant
Disinfectants are chemicals
Read and follow directions
Correct
Means effectiveness to be used against bacteria, fungi, and viruses
Hospital Level Disinfectant

15. Disinfectants Destroys bacteria Strong solution can be harmful to skin
Ethyl or grain alcohol
70 to 95% to sterilize implements such as manicuring tools
Quaternary ammonium compounds
Nontoxic, ordorless, fast-acting
Formalin
37%-40% for implements, 10% for combs and brushes
Household disinfectants
Cresol (Lysol), Pine-sol, Clorox ( sodium hypochlorite )
Phenols ( phenolic disinfectants )
Caustic poison, avoid skin contact

16. Wet and dry sanitizers Wet sanitizer Dry sanitizer
Covered receptacle large enough to hold/immerse implements in a disinfectant solution, such as Bio-tech, or Barbicide
Dry sanitizer
also called a cabinet sanitizer, airtight cabinet or drawer to store sanitized implements