1. Decontamination and Infection Control

2. Objectives Explain and Understand the importance of decontamination
Explain the difference between sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization
Discuss how to safely handle and use disinfectant products
Describe which cleaners, equipment and disinfectants are useful for salons
Define universal precautions and know your responsibilities as salon professional

3. Introduction A clean salon gives a good impression to the client
If proper care is not taken, you could contribute to the spread of disease
Disease causing germs will be the biggest enemy in your salon

4. Prevention and Control
Contaminated-
Dirty
Full of germs
Decontamination-
Removing pathogens and other substances from tools or surfaces

5. Objective #1
If you can explain the importance of decontamination in the salon you have mastered objective #1

6. Three Main Levels of Decontamination

7. Sterilization
Sterilization is the most effective type of decontamination against microbes
Even kills bacteria spores
Steam autoclave and dry heat
It is multi-step
Time consuming and difficult
It is not practical for the beauty salon

8. Disinfection
Provides the level of protection needed in the salon by killing most organisms.
Disinfectants are substances that kill microbes on contaminated tools and other nonporous surfaces.
They are not for use on human skin, hair or nails
They are serious professional strength products

9. Safety
Read labels before using-Any professional salon product can be dangerous if used incorrectly

10. VIP
All disinfectants must be approved by the EPA-Environmental Protection Agency
All disinfectant’s label must have an EPA registration number
Federal law requires manufacturers an information sheet called MSDS-material safety data sheet

11. OSHA
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is part of the department of Labor that regulates and enforces safety and health standards in the workplace.
The OSHA Act of 1970-regulates employee exposure to toxic substances and informs the employee of toxic and dangerous substances in the workplace.

12. Your Professional Responsibility
Protect yourself
Protect your client
Protect your safety
Protect your craft and profession

13. OSHA
This Act is important to cosmetologists because of the nature of the chemicals we use, for storing, mixing, and disposal of chemicals

14. Hospital Disinfectants
To meet salon requirements, a disinfectant must be effective against bacteria, fungi, and viruses

15. Types of Disinfectants
There are several types of salon disinfectants
QUATS-Quaternary Ammonium Compounds are safe and fast acting
Most quats disinfect in 10 to 15 minutes

16. Types of Disinfectants
Phenols are another type of disinfectant used in the salon
They are used mostly on metal instruments
Phenols can cause skin irritation
Extremely poisonous

17. Alcohol, Bleach and Commercial Cleaners
Ethyl and isopropyl are used in the salon for disinfecting
Ethyl Alcohol must be 70% to be effective
Isopropyl must be 99%

18. Bleach
Household bleach sodium hypochlorite is not designed for disinfecting salon implements.
Products such as Pine Sol, and Lysol can be used on the floors, and in the bathrooms, sinks and waste receptacles but should not be used on salon implements.

19. Ultrasonic Cleaners
Use high frequency waves to create bubbles in liquids.
They must be used with a disinfectant to be effective

20. Safety Precautions USE CAUTION-wear gloves when mixing
Keep Away from Children
Use tongs when removing implements
Never pour quats or phenols over your hands
Never place in unmarked containers

21. CAUTION
In the past, formalin was recommended as a disinfectant and fumigant. It is not safe for salon use.
The gas released from formalin tablets is called formaldehyde. It is a suspected human cancer causing agent. It is poisonous to inhale and is irritating to eyes, noise, throat and lungs.

22. Other Surfaces It is important to disinfect all surfaces :
Combs, brushes, scissors, razors, nippers, electrodes, counter tops, foot baths, door knobs, finger bowls, telephones, and cash registers
To properly disinfect:
1. clean with suitable cleaner
2. Apply disinfectant
3. Leave wet for at least 10 minutes
4. Dry

23. Sanitation The lowest level of decontamination
Significantly reduce the number of pathogens
Salon tools are sanitized with soaps or detergents
May still harbor pathogens

24. Antiseptics
Can kill bacteria or slow their growth, they are not disinfectants
They are not adequate for use on instruments and surfaces

25. Universal Precautions
Some people have diseases such as Hepatitis B Virus but they are asymptomatic-they have no symptoms or signs of infection
Because not all clients with infectious diseases can be identified the same infection control practices should be used with all clients-Universal Precautions

26. Infection Control
Hand washing
Gloves
Safety glasses