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CHAPTER 1 Duane A. Garrett & Jason S. DeRouchie
A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR BIBLICAL HEBREW (B&H, 2009)
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The Hebrew Alphabet and Vowels
CHAPTER 1
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Letters of the Alphabet
1 א Aleph 7 ז Zayin 13 מ Mem 19 ק Qoph 2 ב Beth 8 ח Heth 14 נ Nun 20 ר Resh 3 ג Gimel 9 ט Teth 15 ס Samek 21 שׂ Sin 4 ד Daleth 10 י Yod 16 ע Ayin 22 שׁ Shin 5 ה Hey 11 כ Kaph 17 פ Pe 23 ת Taw 6 ו Waw 12 ל Lamed 18 צ Tsade
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Letters with Final Forms
1 א Aleph 7 ז Zayin 13 מ Mem 19 ק Qoph 2 ב Beth 8 ח Heth 14 נ Nun 20 ר Resh 3 ג Gimel 9 ט Teth 15 ס Samek 21 שׂ Sin 4 ד Daleth 10 י Yod 16 ע Ayin 22 שׁ Shin 5 ה Hey 11 כ Kaph 17 פ Pe 23 ת Taw 6 ו Waw 12 ל Lamed 18 צ Tsade Kaph כ ךְ Pe פ ף Mem מ ם Tsade צ ץ Nun נ ן
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Phonetic Values of the Alphabet
א almost silent ד “TH” of “the” י “Y” of “yes” ס “S” of “sack” ר “R” of “read” בּ “B” of “boy” ה “H” of “hot” כּ “K” of “keep” ע peculiar guttural שׂ “S” of “seen” ב “V” of “very” ו “W” of “water” כ “C” of “cool” פּ “P” of “paste” שׁ “SH” of “sheen” גּ “G” of good” ז “Z” of “zoo” ל “L” of “look” פ “F” of “fix” תּ “T” of “tin” ג “GH” of “dog house” ח “CH” of “loch” מ “M” of “miss” צ “TS” of “hats” ת “TH” of “Thin” דּ “D” of “dot” ט “T” of “tot” נ “N” of “now” ק “K” at back of throat
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The Simple Vowel Points
SYMBOL NAME CLASS QUANTITY SOUND בַּ Pathach A short “a” “a” of “cat” בָּ Qamets long “a” “a” of “father” בִּ Hireq I short “i” “i” of “hit” בֶּ Seghol short “e” “e” of “set” בֵּ Tsere long “e” “e” of “hey” בֻּ Qibbuts U short “u” “u” of “cut” בֹּ Holem long “o” “o” of “whole” Qamets Hatuph short “o” “o” of “tote”
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The Reduced Vowels בְּ בֲּ בֱּ בֳּ SYMBOL NAME QUANTITY SOUND Shewa
“e” of “because” בֲּ Hateph Pathach Reduced “a” “a” of “aside” בֱּ Hateph Seghol Reduced “e” בֳּ Hateph Qamets Reduced “o” first “o” of “tomato”
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Nouns in Construct
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