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Test Review 3
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Review Road to War War declarations The Schlieffen Plan
Archduke Francis (Franz) Ferdinand Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina Assassination The Black Hand / “Union or Death” War declarations Serbian Ultimatum Austria to Serbia Russia to Austria Germany to Russia France to Germany German Troops in Luxemburg & Belgium British involvement The Schlieffen Plan Count Alfred von Schlieffen The Battle of the Marne Trench Warfare Machine guns Artillery Poison Gas British Tank China & Japan Twenty-One Demands
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Review Ottomans War at Sea Battle of Verdun Battle of the River Somme
Battle of Gallipoli Mustafa Kemal Armenian Genocide War at Sea British Blockade of Germany German Submarines Unterseeboot / U-Boat Lusitania Battle of Verdun Erich von Falkenhayn Henri Petain Battle of the River Somme Bloodiest Allies Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Greece, Romania, US Central Germany, Austria, Ottomans, Bulgaria US Enter war German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare Zimmerman Telegram Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points
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Review Tsar Nicholas II & Tsarina Alexandra
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin The February Revolution International Women's Day Mass Strike Abdication Provisional Government Petrograd Soviet Leon Trotsky Vladimir Lenin The October Revolution Bolshevik Coup Civil War White Army Red Army Treaty of Brest-Litovsk The Cheka Felix Dzerzhinsky Execution of the Romanovs Dictatorship of the Proletariat War Communism
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Review Marshal Ferdinand Foch American Troops Reinforce
France Supreme Allied Commander American Troops Reinforce The Second Battle of the Marne General John J. Pershing Meuse-Argonne Offensive September 26 – November 11, 1918 1.2 Million American Troops Fighting ends Bulgaria - September 1918 Ottomans - October 30, 1918 Austria-Hungary - November 3, 1918 Germany November 11, 1918 Spanish Flu The Treaty of Versailles The “Big Four” Woodrow Wilson of the U.S. David Lloyd George of Britain Georges Clemenceau of France Vittorio Emanuele Orlando of Italy
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Review Bulgaria losses Old Russian Territory League of Nations
Greece Romania Yugoslavia Old Russian Territory Poland Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Ukraine Bessarabia to Romania Germany Danzig Polish Corridor Alsace-Lorraine to France Partial Disarmament Rhine Demilitarized Zone Reparations League of Nations Independence Movements Old Austria-Hungary Republic of Austria Kingdom of Hungary Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia Italy - Trent and Trieste Transylvania to Romania Old Ottoman Empire Republic of Turkey Mandates Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq
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Review France Britain India Ireland U.S. The Automobile Money Cycle
Conservative Unstable Ruhr Mine Britain Voting Rights Labour Party Kier Hardie Ramsey McDonald India Mohandas Gandhi Ireland Sinn Fein Irish Republican Army (IRA) Civil War U.S. “Roaring Twenties” Prohibition Gangsterism The Automobile Henry Ford Standardization Assembly-line production New Industry Steel, Rubber, Glass, Fabrics, Construction Other Effects Food, Leisure, Population, Work & Home Money Cycle Charles Dawes – Dawes Plan US Loans to Germany German Reparations to Britain & France Britain and France repay loans to US
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Review Italy Germany / The Weimar Republic
Benito Mussolini Fasci di Combattimento - Fascists Black shirt March on Rome Acerbo Law OVRA The Lateran Accord Germany / The Weimar Republic Problems Leadership, Instability, Economics Adolf Hitler Art Anti-Semitism Mass Politics World War I Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers' Party) Sturmabteilung (SA) - “Brown Shirts” Ernst Röhm Beer Hall Putsch - Trial – Treason – Arrest Mein Kampf Lebensraum Hitler’s Three “Reich's” ‘‘Young man’s movement’’ Swap from Urban workers to Middle Class Rural Focus on Northern, Central, & Eastern Germany Acerbo Law, which stipulated that any party winning at least 25 percent of the votes in the next national election would automatically be allotted two-thirds of the seats in parliament. OVRA – secret poleics
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Review Poland Czechoslovakia Hungary Austria Yugoslavia Turkey Russia
Military Dictatorship Czechoslovakia Thomas Masaryk No Dictatorship Hungary Communism Dictatorship (Landowners) Austria Engelbert Dollfuss Anti-Nazi Dictatorship Yugoslavia Ethnic Factions Serbian Dictatoship Turkey Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Westernization Secularization Russia Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Vladimir Lenin New Economic Policy (NEP) Lenin’s death Josef Stalin vs. Leon Trotsky Stalin General Secretary
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Review China Beginning of the Depression Causes of Great Depression
May Fourth Movement Tiananmen Square Nationalist Party (KMT) Communist Party (CCP) Chiang Kai-shek Northern Exhibition Communist Massacre Beginning of the Depression “Black Tuesday” October 29, 1929 Market Crash Banking Collapse Causes of Great Depression Overspeculation (stocks) Overproduction (Farm & Factory) Overexpansion of Credit Hawley-Smoot Tariff Reparations World Wide Banks Britain Labour Party - Ramsey McDonald The National Government Coalition Labour/Liberal/Conservative France Popular Front - Radicals & Socialists Leon Blum “French New Deal”
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Review Scandinavia Italy United States Germany Social Reform
Social Democratic Governments “Welfare State” United States Herbert Hoover “Hoovervilles” Franklin D. Roosevelt New Deal Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Works Progress Administration (WPA) Social Reform Social Security Act National Labor Relations Act Italy Pontine Marshes Corporatism Military Mobilization Germany Paul Von Hindenburg Chancellors Adolf Hitler Hermann Goring Minister of the Interior Police Terror
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Review Germany Russia Full Employment Reichstag Fire Stalinism
February 27, 1933 Dutch communist Civil liberties The Enabling Act Hitler Rules by decree Night of the Long Knives Internal Purge The Schutzstaffel Heinrich Himmler Terror & Ideology Full Employment Labor Front “Needs of the State” Russia Stalinism Five Year Plans Gosplan Industrialization Heavy Industry Social & Political Costs Collectivization Dekulakization Famine Ukraine
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Review The Mukden Incident Italy League of Nations Germany
Manchurian Railroad Manchuria – Manchukuo Chiang Kai-shek Italy Invasion of Ethiopia League of Nations Germany Rearmament Rhineland Appeasement Neville Chamberlin The Spanish Civil War Spanish Popular Front General Francisco Franco “Practice Arena for WWII” Intervention New Alliances Rome-Berlin Axis Pact Anti Comintern Pact WWII Begins in Asia Battle at Marco Polo Bridge The Rape of Nanjing The United Front Communists Nationalists
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Review Russia The Anschluss Czechoslovakia Kristallnacht
Joseph Stalin Sergei Kirov The Great Purge The Show Trials The Anschluss German Annexation of Austria Czechoslovakia Sudetenland Kristallnacht Issues with Poland Danzig Nazi-Soviet Pact WWII Begins in Europe Nazi Invasion of Poland Blitzkrieg Maginot Line “Phony War” April –June 1940 Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxemburg France Battle of Dunkirk
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Review Britain Fall of France The Winter War The Battle of Britain
Chamberlin out Churchill in Fall of France Henri Petain Vichy France Charles De Gaulle Free French The Winter War Russo-Finnish War The Battle of Britain The London Blitz Radar United States Destroyers for Bases Agreement Lend-Lease Agreement Lend or Lease equipment to Allies End of Neutrality North Africa Erwin Rommel Afrika Corps The Soviet Union Operation Barbarossa Russian Winter The Atlantic Conference Churchill & Roosevelt Atlantic Charter
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Reviews The Asian War Early Pacific Conflicts Turning Points
Japanese Expansion Oil Shipments Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 Early Pacific Conflicts Coral Seas Midway Island Guadalcanal Solomon Islands Turning Points Pacific – Midway Island Europe – Stalingrad Battle of Stalingrad Volga River Oil Casualties North African Campaigns Battle of El Alamein Bernard Montgomery Dwight D. Eisenhower Italian Campaign Stall at Monte Casino Enigma Machine Tehran Conference Tehran, Iran Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
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Review The “Second Front” The Battle of the Bulge Yalta Conference
D-Day US, Britain, Canada Dwight D. Eisenhower Coast of Normandy, France The Battle of the Bulge Belgium’s Ardennes Forest Germany’s last western offensive Yalta Conference Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin Plans: Poland - New Boundaries Free Elections in the East United Nations Russia to Join Asian War Elbe Day American & Russian Holocaust Walled Ghettos in Poland Lodz (Luch) & Warsaw “Final Solution” Jews Zyklon-B SS Himmler & Heydrich Einsatzgruppen Concentration camps Death Camps Warsaw Uprising “Other Holocaust”
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Review Atomic Bomb War Ends Division of Japan War Casualties
Alamogordo, New Mexico Hiroshima & Nagasaki War Ends Intervention by the Emperor Division of Japan Korea Taiwan War Casualties U.S. / U.S.S.R Problems Post War New World Powers Communism vs. capitalism Recognition of USSR Russian losses in WWII Lend Lease Fate of Germany Russian expansionism Spread of Revolutionary Communism The United Nations Security Council General Assembly Review The Capture of Berlin Hitler committed suicide Russians occupied the city Conference at Potsdam The Nuremburg Trials Division of Germany US, USSR, UK, Fr. Pacific Campaign Continues Island Hopping Battles in the Philippines McArthur Battle of Iwo Jima Battle of Okinawa
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Review Cominform “Iron Curtain” US Policy of Containment
Communist Information Bureau “Iron Curtain” US Policy of Containment The Truman Doctrine European Recovery George C. Marshall The Marshall Plan Britain Labour Party Clement Atlee Modern Welfare State National Insurance Act National Health Service Act Decolonization Begins India Mohandas Gandhi Hindu Congress Party Muhammad Ali Jinnah Muslim League British leave India – 1947 South Africa Afrikaner National Party Apartheid Israel Balfour Declaration UN resolution 1948 Arab–Israeli War
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Review Two Germanies Nuclear Proliferation Computers
Added with NATO Treaty United States Denmark Portugal Norway Canada Iceland Added in the 1950s Greece Turkey West Germany Nuclear Proliferation Computers Atanasoff–Berry Computer ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) Transistor Two Germanies The Berlin Blockade/Airlift Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) “West Germany” German Democratic Republic (GDR) “East Germany” North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Original Brussels Treaty United Kingdom France Belgium Netherlands Luxembourg
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Review Sino-Soviet Alliance Television Red Scare Civil War in China
Chiang Kai-Shek - Republic of China (Taiwan) Mao Tse-Tung - People’s Republic of China Korean War 38th Parallel North Korea Invades UN Security Council “Peace Keeping Mission” General Battle of Inchon - MacArthur Chinese reaction Armistice signed July 27, 1953 Russia Joseph Stalin Nikita Khrushchev Sino-Soviet Alliance Television Philo Farnsworth Red Scare Joseph McCarthy
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Review Vietnam Suez Conflict (Sinai War) OPEC The Warsaw Pact China
Ho Chi Minh French Invasion Guerilla Warfare Battle of Dien Bien Phu Vietnam Divided Viet Cong Suez Conflict (Sinai War) Gamal Abdel Nasser Nationalization Britain, France, Israel US/Soviet Reaction OPEC Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Venezuela The Warsaw Pact Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia East Germany Hungary Poland Romania Soviet Union China “The Great Leap Forward” Collectivization & Communes
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Review USSR Space Race Begins The Cuban Revolution – 1959
The Secret Speech Khrushchev “De-Stalinization” The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Imre Nagy Space Race Begins Sputnik Soviet Union Explorer I United States The Cuban Revolution – 1959 Fidel Castro Fulgencio Batista Soviet Alliance Decolonization in Africa Ghana Kwame Nkrumah Kenya Kikuyu State of Emergency Jomo Kenyatta Independence
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Review Algerian War 1960 – The Year of Africa South Africa Germany
Effects in France Charles de Gaulle The Fifth French Republic Algerian Independence 1962 1960 – The Year of Africa South Africa African National Congress Nelson Mandela Sharpeville Massacre South African Republic Germany The Berlin Wall Cuba Bay of Pigs Missile Crisis Nuclear Launch sites US Ultimatum Blockade Soviets Response The USSR Leonid Brezhnev Doctrine of Limited Sovereignty “Brezhnev Doctrine”
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Review Prague Spring - 1968 The Six Day War – 1967
Czechoslovakia Alexander Dubček The Six Day War – 1967 Israel/Egypt Space Race Continues First Men in Space Yuri Gagarin John Glenn Moon Landing Apollo 11 The Vietnam War Kennedy – Military Advisors Lyndon Johnson Gulf of Tonkin Incident/Resolution Operation Rolling Thunder “Escalation” Opposition/“Protests The Tet Offensive Richard Nixon “Vietnamization” Cambodia Campaign Cease-fire
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Review China China & the US Détente – “Relaxation”
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution Little Read Book Red Guards “Four Olds” Ideas, Culture, Customs, Habits China & the US “Ping Pong Diplomacy” Détente – “Relaxation” The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks - SALT The Yom Kippur War Egypt & Syria Yom Kippur & Ramadan Anwar Sadat – President of Egypt Iranian Revolution Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi Western Influence in Iran Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini Hostage Crisis days “Canadian Caper” - Argo
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Review Iran – Iraq War Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan Britain
Saddam Hussein War of Attrition Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan Mujahedeen Rebels “Soviet Vietnam” Britain Conservative Party Margaret Thatcher Limit Welfare Falkland Islands War Argentina Ronald Regan USSR – “Evil Empire” Strategic Arms Defense Initiative – SDI The “Star Wars” Program Korean Air Lines Flight 007 GPS Personal Computers Intel 4004 Xerox Apple IBM
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Review Nuclear disasters USSR Summits The 1989 Revolutions Poland
Three Mile Island Pennsylvania Chernobyl – 1986 Ukraine USSR Mikhail S. Gorbachev Perestroika “restructuring” Glasnost “openness” 1988 Constitution Summits Geneva, Reykjavik, Washington, Moscow The 1989 Revolutions Poland General Jaruzelski Solidarity Lech Walesa Hungary - Janos Kadar Germany Fall of the Berlin Wall Reunification
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Review Bulgaria - Todor Zhikov Czechoslovakia
Velvet Revolution Velvet Divorce -1993 Czech Republic Slovakia Romania - Nicolae Ceaușescu China Deng Xiaoping Student Protest Tiananmen Square Massacre End of Cold War August 1991 Coup Attempt Gorbachev Resigns “End of History”
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