1. World War II Military Action & Diplomacy

2. AXIS POWERS & LEADERS Adolf Hitler Germany Benito Mussolini Italy EmperorHirohitoGeneralTojo Japan

3. ALLIED POWERS & LEADERS FDR United States Joseph Stalin Soviet Union Winston Churchill Great Britain Charles DeGaulle Free French Movement Chiang Kai Shek China

4. WAR IN EUROPE 1942 = El Alamein (Operation Torch) Montgomery (Brit.) & Eisenhower (US) Defeat Rommel “Desert Fox” 1943-944 = Allies Invade Italy 1942 = Stalingrad Turning point in Eastern Front April 1945 = Soviets Capture Berlin Dec. 1944 = Battle of the Bulge Last Push by Hitler June 1944, D Day Operation Overlord Allies invade France Start pushing Germany Back

5. WAR IN PACIFIC 1941=Pearl Harbor Japan attacks US 1942=Battle of Midway Turning Point in Pacific, Japan on defensive 1942=Philippines & Corregidor Fall Bataan Death March 1944=Battle of Leyte Gulf MacArthur Returns 1945=Battle of Okinawa Opens for Invasion of Japan 50,000 US Casualties 1945=Battle of Iwo Jima One of Bloodiest Battles, 25,000 US Casualties 1945=A-Bombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki Ends WWII Between 200,000-300,000 Japanes killed w/ two bombs 1942-43=Battle of Guadalcanal Jungle Warfare Start Island Hopping Strategy

6. END OF WAR May 8, 1945 = V-E DayMay 8, 1945 = V-E Day –Soviets advance on Berlin –Hitler commits suicide August 14, 1945 = V-J DayAugust 14, 1945 = V-J Day –Bombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki Manhattan Project: J. Robert OppenheimerManhattan Project: J. Robert Oppenheimer Alamogordo, NM first testAlamogordo, NM first test

7. DIPLOMACY 1943 = Casablanca Conference (FDR & Churchill)1943 = Casablanca Conference (FDR & Churchill) –Declare policy of unconditional surrender –Agree Italy invaded first, before open 2 nd Front 1943 = Tehran Conference (“Big Three”)1943 = Tehran Conference (“Big Three”) –Agree to invade W. Europe in 1944 –Stalin commits to enter war w/ Japan 1945 = Yalta Conference (“Big Three”)1945 = Yalta Conference (“Big Three”) –Decide to Divide Germany & Capital city of Berlin into 4 Zones & Soviets will enter war w/ Japan when Germany defeated –Call for world organization to meet in US in 1945 –Soviet refuse to hold elections after war, and take over East Germany = beginnings of Cold War 1945 = Potsdam Conference1945 = Potsdam Conference –Disagreement; War alliance breaking down –Truman’s finds A-Bomb successful; orders dropping of bomb on Japan