1. Chapter 2 Section 2 World History Mr. Kissam
Early Human Migration
Chapter 2 Section 2
World History
Mr. Kissam

2. People moved out of Africa as the earth’s climates changed.
Early Human Migration
The Big Idea
As people migrated around the world, they learned to adapt to new environments
Main Ideas
People moved out of Africa as the earth’s climates changed.
People adapted to new environments by making clothing and new types of tools.

4. People Move Out of Africa
Because of changes in climate during the Paleolithic Age, people began to migrate or move out of Africa.

5. The Ice Age
About 1.6 million years ago, many places around the world began to experience periods of freezing weather, this is known as the ice ages.
The ice age ended 10,000 years ago.

6. The Ice Age
Huge sheets of ice and glaciers covered much of the earths surface. Dry land appeared in most places, creating land bridges.
The ice ages forced the early humans to new environments.
Land Bridges is a strip of land connecting two continents. These bridges allowed early humans to migrate around the world.

7. Settling New Lands
Early humans began to migrate 100,000 years ago after the earlier hominids began to die out.
Humans migrated from east Africa to southwestern Asia, and then to northern Europe and Asia.

8. Settling New Lands
Geographic features such as high mountains and cold temperatures delayed migration northward into northern Asia.
They finally migrated as far as the Americas and even Australia. The last land to be settled was South America.
By 9000 BC, humans were on every continent in the world.

9. A New Theory
Some archaeologists propose another origin for the first Americans----Europe.
The theory says that early Europeans braved the North Atlantic in boats similar to the modern Inuit peoples.
Similar spear points have been found in Europe and the Americas, which led Archaeologists to develop this theory.

10. People Adapt to New Environments
With new lands, came new types of climate and environments.
Humans now had to adapt to these strange surroundings.
Because of colder climates, humans learned how to sew animal skins together to make clothes. Humans established primitive homes in caves, or built tents out of animal skin and other materials.

11. People Adapt to New Environments
Mammoth bone was used instead of wood in Central Asia, because wood is scarce.

12. New Tools and Technologies
This era is called the Mesolithic Era, or Middle Stone Age. This era started 10,000 years ago.

13. What new tools do you see?

14. New Tools and Technologies
People made advances that allowed them to adapt to new environments and to develop new tools, which were more complex such as the hook, needle, and bow an arrow.
People also created canoes to travel and pottery to store goods.

15. New Tools and Technologies
They even tamed dogs to help them hunt and for protection.
People shaved using clam shells and flints

16. The Needle and the Bow The eye needle was a groundbreaking invention.
People in the Ice Age made needles from polished bone and ivory slivers.
Without tailored clothing Homo sapiens would never have settled the Asian steppes or colonized America
Bows and Arrows appeared during the late Ice Age. The first bow was simple and became the more powerful composite bow.

17. Home on the Range
People of many places and times have learned how to build shelter from limited resources.
The Inuit who live in the Arctic regions build domed shelters called igloos.
Nomads of Mongolia create tent like structures called yurts. Mostly from animal skin and bones.

18. Questions (pages 36-39) Cambridge: Answer in a complete sentence
How did Stone Age people cross from Asia to North America?
What was one problem that made migrating to northern Asia difficult?
Why did early humans build shelters?
What type of shelters did early people use?
List the route taken by Stone Age People out of Africa