1. Learning to Predict Charges for Criminal Cases with Legal Basis
Bingfeng Luo, Yansong Feng, Jianbo Xu, Xiang Zhang and
Dongyan Zhao
2017/08/16

2. Motivation Problem Definition
Civil Law System: we need to decide charges based on law articles
相关法条：刑法第十二条、第二十五条第一款、第六十七条第三款
被告人吴某以外出打工为名，将贵州省盘县特区马场乡村民吴某诱骗出门，后与王合伦（在逃）、曹某（已判刑）将吴某带到江苏省丹阳市麦溪镇黄庄村以2900的价格卖给陈某为妻，三人共同分赃。案发后被告人吴春丽向吴某家人退还人民币600元。
罪名：拐卖人口罪

3. Obtaining Basic Information
Motivation
How do we deal with a criminal case?
Determine Punishments
Find Relevant Law Articles
Collect Facts
Argumentation
Determine Charges
Obtaining Basic Information
......

4. Motivation Challenges with charge prediction
Civil law system: decisions rely on law articles
Infer from both facts and law articles
Differences between charges can be subtle
Intentional Injury V.S. Intentional Homicide
One case may also relate to multiple charges

5. Motivation Challenges with article finding
we need to infer from both facts and article description
one case may relate to multiple law articles
we have many law articles
452 articles in Criminal Law of China

6. Data Good News! We have publicly available data, by government!
Millions of judgement documents on

7. Method Find Relevant Articles
SVM for preliminary selection  Filter out irrelevant ones
Output of 𝑺𝑽𝑴 𝒊 : relevance score for 𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒍𝒆 𝒊
Easy to incorporate new articles

8. Method Find Relevant Articles
Facts embedding  needed for both charge and article prediction

9. Method Document Modeling
Both fact description and law articles are documents
Documents: sequence of sentences
Sentence: sequence of words
Document Encoder

10. Method Document Modeling
Both fact description and law articles are documents
Bi-GRU
(Guided) Attention
Attentive
Sequence Encoder

11. Method
Find Relevant Articles
Article embedding  deeply understanding

12. Method Find Relevant Articles
Article attention  Article selection  output relevant articles

13. Method Charge Prediction
Combine both facts and articles, thresholding for multi-charges

14. Experiments Charge Prediction
SVM is a strong baseline, but can utilize retrieved relevant articles
Using articles can improve charge prediction

15. Experiments Trade-off Between Charge and Article
More weights on article can improve article performance
High weights on article will harm charge prediction

16. Experiments Experiments on News Data
Can model trained on judgement documents work for non-legal professionals?  YES!

17. Conclusion One model  charge prediction + article finding
Using law articles can help charge prediction
Model trained on judgement documents can generalize to fact descriptions written by non-legal professionals

18. Q&A