1. The Impact of the Persian Wars and the build up to the Peloponnesian War
Athens emerged as the most powerful city-state.
Athens organized the Delian League, an alliance with 150 Greek city-states and colonies in the Aegean region.
Athens used the Delian League to create an Athenian empire.
With Pericles as its leader, Athens enters into its Golden Age! But who was paying bill?
Sparta will eventually form an opposing alliance with the neutral city-states

2. The Peloponnesian War: The Alliance System Fails!

3. Greek against Greek
Many Greeks resented the Athenian domination.
The Greek world split into rival camps.
To counter the Delian League, Sparta and other enemies of Athens formed the Peloponnesian League.
Sparta encouraged an Oligarchy (government run by business) in the states of the Peloponnesian League, and Athens supported democracy.
A 27 year war broke out in 431 B.C. engulfing all of Greece

4. The Peloponnesian War Athens abusing funds from Delian League
27 year war ensues
Enthusiasm for the war high on both sides
Pericles brings all the people into the city
He depends on the navy, high walls and food supplies to string out the war

5. "long wall" strategy of Pericles

6. A Mysterious Plague Hits Athens!
However a plague hits and nothing can stop the disease…morale is low..
Plague destroys 1/3 of Athenian population
Most believe it was typhus: high fever and rash
Plague sweeps through a total of 3 times during the war
Generals are dead, Pericles is dead, no leadership

7. The Peloponnesian War Sparta builds a blockade around the walls…
No supplies or food from the countryside
Athens surrenders!
All the Greek city- states divided and chaos!

8. Cycle of Warfare
After victory, Sparta’s army tried to act as Greece’s dominant power
Sparta’s wealth, resources badly strained, power worn down
Spartans could not keep control of Greece
City-state of Thebes defeated Sparta, could not maintain control either
Struggle for power led to long cycle of warfare that left all Greece vulnerable to attack
340s BC, Macedonia, Greek-speaking kingdom to north, swept in, took control of all Greece

10. Identify Cause and Effect What caused the Peloponnesian War?
FEAR!!
Athens's fear of the Peloponnesian Leagues Army
Sparta’s fear of Athenian trade power