1. Ancient Egypt, E03a
Starting way back in 3,100 B.C.

2. Key Terms & Names Cataract: water fall small or large
Delta: at the mouth of the river where good soil is deposited.
Silt: Another name for good soil, very fine
Fertile: good for growing crops-plants
Linen: a fine type of cotton cloth

3. The Geography The Nile, 6,700 Km long!
Start in the middle of Africa and goes north. Ends up at the Mediterranean Sea
Predictable floods
Red Land, Black Land

4. The Geography The Land Lots of land but unusable, desert
Everyone lived near the Nile
Houses made of mud brick
Mined for copper, beautiful stones
Fishing & hunting (birds)
Use the Nile for transportation, reed boats

5. Life in Ancient Egypt Key terms
Scribe: people who can write & take notes
Hieroglyph: writing system that used pictures
Papyrus: paper like material made of papyrus reeds smashed together.
Afterlife: a special life after death.

6. Life in Ancient Egypt Embalm: a way to preserve the body after it dies
Mummy: my mom, NO! It is a body that is dried so it will not decay.

7. Work & Family Life Big on specialization, what was that again?
Big social structure: see diagram
Almost equal rights for women, they could own property. Raised families & worked along side with their husbands.
Childhood: Learned from their parents, married in their teens.

8. Knowledge
Astronomy: priests study the stars & came up with the 365 day calendar
Geometry: to find out boundary lines, squares & triangles were sacred symbols
Medicine: some of the earliest surgery. Used herbs. The heart was the brain & the brain was the heart.
Hieroglyphs

9. Beliefs & Religion
Different than the Sumerians (afterlife was miserable). Could be a happy afterlife
Polytheism: Re: sun god, Osiris: judge, Isis: fertility god
Mummy: remove all the organs but the heart. Fill the body with spices & herbs. Wrap it & dry it. 70 days long & expensive

10. Pyramid Builders
Key terms
Dynasty
Succession
Pharaoh
Khufu

11. The Kingdoms Three of them: Old, Middle, & New 30 Dynasties in all
Pharaohs were like kings, Great House is what it means
At first there were two: Upper (in the south) & Lower (in the north) Egypt

12. Khufu’s Great Pyramid
He wanted to be buried in a huge pyramid made of stone blocks

13. The Kingdoms Old started around 2925 B.C.
Middle started around 2130 B.C.
Lasted about 500 years but kind of weak
Hyksos took over for about 100 years
New Kingdom started around 1650 B.C.

14. The New Kingdom Most powerful rulers of Ancient Egypt
Queen Hatshepsut, took over for her husband who died. Wore a false beard
Expanded trade with an African land called Punt
Disappeared after 15 years of rule

15. The New Kingdom
Akhenaton, 1353 B.C. promoted the worship of one god, monotheism
Made a new capital city
Made art more realistic
Ramses II, the Great
Expand empire, ruled for 66 years & made it stable, 1st peace treaty with the Hittites,
Large building projects

16. The End of Power Became weak
1070 B.C. foreign powers invaded like Alexander the Great from Macedonia