1. Development and Industry

2. Gap Minder Chart
Task: As you analyze the chart, define various trends you see taking place in the data. What might account for the differences and similarities?

4. Origins of Industrial Revolution
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, we had the cottage industry
Manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory, commonly found prior to the Industrial Revolution.
Northwest England, mid-late 1700s
Textile industry
New technology (mechanical looms)
More wealth = new inventions
New use for old energy
Water (factories built in rural areas new rivers & streams)
Coal (replaced wood as the dominant energy source)
Steam Engine
James Watt in 1769 (with help of toymaker & metal worker Matthew Boulton)
Impacted many industries, including: iron, coal, transportation, textiles, etc.
Link to DTM
One of the causes of MDCs shift to stage 2
Contributing factor to population growth
New technologies, more wealth, improved agricultural yield

5. Diffusion of the Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution spread to Europe & North America by the 19th century
Moving those countries into stage 2 of the DTM
Major Industrial Regions
Europe (East & West), North America & East Asia
Each accounting for 25% of total industrial output
But not every part of the country is as productive

6. Human Development Index (HDI)
Measure of development conducted by the UN in 1990
Measures development in terms of human welfare rather than money
3 dimensions (four indicators)
Living Standards
GNI per capita (NOT GDP)
Health
Life expectancy at birth
Education (average of two indices)
Mean years of schooling (at 25)
Expected years of schooling (at start of schooling)

8. Interactive HDI Map
Interactive HDI Map:

9. HDI by Region MDCs LDCs Latin America: 0.82 East Asia: 0.77
SW Asia & N. Africa: 0.74
SE Asia: 0.73
Central Asia: 0.70
South Asia: 0.61
Sub-Saharan African: 0.51
Japan: 0.96
North America: 0.95
Europe: 0.93
Oceania: 0.90
Russia: 0.73

10. #1 A Decent Standard of Living

11. Economic Indicators Gross National Income (GNI)
The value of the output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, including money that leaves and enters the country.
U.S. GNI trillion (2013)
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
Monetary measurement of development that takes into account what money buys in different countries
U.S. GDP (PPP) = $15.66 trillion
China GDP (PPP) = $12.38 trillion
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Total value of goods & services within the borders of a country during a specific time period, usually one year
Per capita = Latin “by head;” average per person
U.S GDP = $16.77 trillion; per capita = $48,112
China GDP= $9.4 trillion; per capita = $5,445

12. Source: World Bank

13. Economic Structure
Primary Sector (decreased in developed countries, high in developing)
Extraction
Secondary Sector (decreased sharply for developed countries, high in developing) Why a sharp decrease in places like the United States?
Processing & manufacturing
Tertiary Sector
Services, sales & exchanging goods
Quaternary Sector
Exchange of information
Quinary Sector
High level decision-making & research
Tertiary Sector
Large in developed countries
Low in developing countries

15. Productivity: The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it. -Developed countries produce more with less. More productivity generates more wealth.

16. Consumer Goods: Easier diffusion of goods and interaction with customers.

17. #2 A Long and Healthy Life
Life expectancy at birth

18. L.E Years L.E Years
I.M /1000 births I.M. 2/1000 births
% GDP spent on Healthcare: N/A % GDP spent on Healthcare: 8.5

19. Other Development Indicators: Physicians per 10,000

20. Other Development Indicators: Hospital Beds per 10,000

21. #3Access to Knowledge Average years of education
Expected years of education

22. Other Development Indicators: Pupil-Teacher Ratios

23. Other Development Indicators: Literacy Rates

24. Where you live within a country can affect your standard of living
Where you live within a country can affect your standard of living. Which states are the most/least healthy?

26. Variations in Levels of Development
Within a region
Korean Peninsula: North vs. South Korea
Europe: West vs. East
Africa: Extreme North & South vs. Interior (Sub-Saharan)
Within a country
Brazil
Coastal, urban areas more developed than interior
Mexico
Northern areas more developed then southern
China

29. Gender Inequality Index(GII)
Measure to gauge how involved women are in improving their status
Economic power
Female income as % of male income
% of professional & technical jobs held by women
Reproductive power
Maternal mortality ratio
Adolescent fertility rate ages /1000 developed countries and /1000 in developing countries
Political power
% of administrative jobs held by women
% of national parliament that are women