1. 1 What does this cartoon suggest is the reason for U.S. imperialism?

2. Spanish-American War “A Splendid Little War” John Hay, Secretary of State, 1898

3. 3 Who? Spain vs. United States Where? Philippines, Cuba (Spain’s Colonies) The Philippines USA Cuba

4. 4 Why? Help give freedom to Spain’s colonies!

5. 5 Cuban Revolution What? Cubans were fighting the Spanish because they wanted to be independent from Spain Cuban Civilians were forced into Spanish run camps (with bad conditions) 30% died from disease and starvation Made Spain look bad in American eyes Americans sympathized with Cubans How did it lead to war?

6. 6 American Economic Interests Protecting their economic interests What? Why? Many of Cuba’s sugar plantations were owned by Americans Made Americans more likely to help out Cuba How did it lead to war?

7. 7 “Yellow Journalists” Make more money if they keep readers scared and interested What? Why? Newspaper created highly exaggerated stories Made Americans want war! How did it lead to war?

8. 8 De Lôme Letter A letter written by Spanish minister to the U.S., Enrique Dupuy de Lome, which ridiculed President McKinley, was published by the New York Journal. Called McKinley “weak and catering to the rabble” This letter made it hard for leaders to withstand demands for war

9. Who Caused the sinking of the Maine? Please look at the evidence with a partner and decide who sunk the ship. Please write your answers as a pair on a flash card 9

10. 10 Sinking of the Maine What? USS Maine explodes in Havana, Cuba Harbor “Spark” that started the war “Remember the Maine! To hell with Spain!” How did it lead to war? Most Americans believe it was Spain’s fault 1976 U.S. Navy analyzed the sunken ship, decided that the hull blew OUT, not IN

11. 11 “Yellow Journalism” “ You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war” William Randolph Hearst Headline reads: “ Destruction of the War Ship Was the Work of an Enemy” offered $50,000 reward to anyone who could find the guilty party

12. 12 Headline of the Maine Explosion Maine Explosion Caused by Bomb or Torpedo? 2/17/1898 New York World

13. 13 Maine Image sunk The battleship USS Maine blew up in Havana harbor, killing 260 American sailors. Although there was no proof, the explosion was blamed on a Spanish mine, gaining U.S. support for war with Spain.

14. 14 Judge Cartoon

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16. 16 Manila Bay What Happened at Manila Bay? Surprise naval attack sunk the crumbling Spanish Navy Made Americans feel superior

17. 17 Rough Riders Who were the Rough Riders? Who was their leader? Teddy Roosevelt led a “Cowboy Cavalry”. Brought his own photographer Teddy’s popularity from this lead to his becoming VP and then President

18. 18 Teddy Roosevelt

19. 19 Rough Riders What famous Battle did they participate in? San Juan Hill African Americans also helped but get no credit

20. 20 Results U.S. defeats Spain & becomes world power War lasts 4 months: with fighting on two fronts in Pacific and Caribbean. 2,446 Americans died (only 400 in battle) rest were from disease and infection. Roosevelt becomes Vice President and then President in 1901 (McKinley is assassinated).

21. 21 Results Treaty of Paris: (1898) granted Cuba independence, US gained Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam for $20 million. U.S. gained many former Spanish colonies, sets off debate among imperialists and anti- imperialists in Asia and Latin America Platt Amendment (1903) 1.Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence. 2.The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent govt. 3.Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to the U.S. for naval and coaling station.

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