1. Leading Causes of Death in US
Teens ages 15-24
All ages
Accidents
Homicide
Suicide
Heart Disease
Cancer
Strokes
Chronic Low respiratory diseases
Accidents

2. Non-communicable-diseases associated with life style choices, genetics
Causes
Examples
Congenital
Hereditary
Environmental
Life-style
Heart or lung defects
Hemophilia or cancer
Melanoma
Lung Cancer

3. Pathogen Flu, colds, Strep throat, Hepatitis, HIV
Communicable Disease- can be passed from person to person, from food or water, animals and environment
Cause
Examples
Pathogen
Flu, colds, Strep throat, Hepatitis, HIV

4. A Pathogen is
Microscopic organism which invades the body and attacks its cells and tissues
Types:
Bacteria – Complete cell, antibiotic sensitive, resident
Virus – incomplete cell, small particle, requires a host cell to live

5. Fungi-plantlike organisms (molds and yeast)
Protozoan- single cells organisms that are larger and more complex internally than bacteria (malaria)
Parasites – get their energy from feeding off other living organisms

6. Pathogen’s have these requirements:
1. Food Supply
2. Temperature
3. Darkness

7. Immune System-defends the body against diseases
Lymphatic system- a network of vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph throughout the body.
Lymphocytes-white blood cells that destroy bacteria, viruses, and dead or damaged cells.
B cells –Make antibodies that battle viruses in in the blood
T Cells-directly attack cells that have been infected by viruses

8. Passive Immunity using antibodies to fight off a pathogen, can be passed from mother to child as well
Active Immunity fighting disease by producing antibodies due to (i.e. environmental exposure or vaccination)
Natural Immunity your body's natural ability to fight off infection

9. LEUKOCYTES-DESTROY ORGANISMS AND PRODUCE ANTI-BODIES
Resistance to Disease
STRESS, POOR NUTRITION, SMOKING, LACK OF SLEEP, ALCOHOL—LOWER RESISTANCE
LEUKOCYTES-DESTROY ORGANISMS AND PRODUCE ANTI-BODIES
SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRAINS (CILIA) AND BODY FLUIDS (SWEAT, TEARS, STOMACH ACID)

10. Sources of Transmitting
1. Directly-from person to person a. sneezing, coughing, speaking, open sores 2. Indirectly-no contact a. food, water, silverware, water bottles,

11. Incubation Period Pathogen enters body and multiply
Symptoms may occur from a few hours to several days

12. Common Diseases Incubation period 18-48 hours
Cold-virus
Influenza-virus
Incubation period hours
No cure, only relief (Drinking liquids and rest)
A cold is still contagious after symptoms have appeared
Undergoes mutations which causes epidemics
Incubation period 1-3 days no cure
only prevention which include vaccinations and rest

13. Spread through saliva and other unknown ways
Hepatitis-virus
Mononucleosis-virus
Swelling of the liver
Symptoms include fever, vomiting, yellow skin
Causes –contaminated food, water, unclean hypodermic needles
Cure—only vaccination, practicing good hygiene
symptoms- weakness, tiredness, cold symptoms which last for weeks or months
Spread through saliva and other unknown ways
Can be diagnosed through blood test

14. Symptoms-heaviness in chest, coughing , wheezing
Strep Throat-bacteria
Pneumonia-bacteria or virus
Symptoms sore throat, fever, and enlarged lymph nodes in the neck
Untreated can lead to inflammation of the kidney and rheumatic fever
Treated with antibiotic
Symptoms-heaviness in chest, coughing , wheezing
Bacterial you can treat with antibiotics

15. Symptoms usually appear between five and 15 days after a bite
West Nile Virus
MRSA- (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
Symptoms usually appear between five and 15 days after a bite
Severe headaches, fever, nausea and vomiting, disorientation, chills, muscle aches, pain, stiffness
MRSA is a bacteria that causes skin infections
Fever, chills, low blood pressure, joint pains, headaches, shortness of breath, and rash over most of the body
These symptoms need immediate attention

16. Zika
Zika is a virus that is primarily spread through infected mosquitoes.
Symptoms when present are mild and last less than a week. It includes red eyes, joint pain, fever, headaches, and a rash.
During pregnancy Zika can cause a serious birth defect called microcephaly.

17. Treatment antibiotics
Sinus Infection- bacterial
Meningitis-bacterial, viral, fungi,
Symptoms headache; tenderness of the sinuses; greenish mucus; and feeling of pressure in your head
Treatment antibiotics
An inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord;
Symptoms sever headache, fever, stiff neck, sensitivity to light and nausea
Treatment antibiotics, if bacterial and caught early

18. Ebola- virus The incubation period 2 to 21 days. Symptoms
fever fatigue, muscle pain, headache and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, symptoms of impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding
Transmission
human-to-human transmission via direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and with surfaces and materials (e.g. bedding, clothing) contaminated with these fluids.
Humans are not infectious until they develop symptoms.
Treatment and vaccines
Supportive care-rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids- and treatment of specific symptoms, improves survival.

19. Symptoms skin becomes itchy and red; lesions may appear
Athlete’s foot- fungal
Ringworm- fungal
Symptoms skin becomes itchy and red; lesions may appear in a circle
Spread with contact skin on skin, clothing, surface areas
This needs a warm moist area
Treatment over-the-counter medications
Symptoms skin becomes itchy and red; lesions may appear
Treatment over the counter medications