1. Anatomical Terminology
Section 1.7

2. “Anatomical Position”
Body is standing erect
Upper limbs at sides
Palms forward

4. Relative positions 1. Superior: 2. Inferior: “above”
Ex: your nose is superior to your mouth
2. Inferior:
“below”
Ex: your mouth is inferior to your nose

5. Relative positions 3. Anterior/ventral: 4. Posterior/dorsal:
“in front”
Ex: your eyes are anterior to your brain
4. Posterior/dorsal:
“in back”
Ex: the pharynx is posterior to the oral cavity

6. Relative positions 5.Medial: 6. Lateral:
Closer to the center of the body
Ex: your nose is medial to your eyes
6. Lateral:
Farther away from the center of the body
Ex: your ears are lateral to your eyes

7. Do Now!! 
Try your best to write a sentence for each of the following words. When possible, use anatomical parts in the sentence.
- Anterior
- Posterior
- Superior
- Inferior
- Medial
- Lateral

8. Objectives
To explain relative body positions and be able to use them in describing body parts.
To identify the 3 types of body planes.
To locate the different body regions.

9. Relative positions 7. Proximal: 8. Distal:
body part that is closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part.
Ex: the elbow is proximal to the wrist
8. Distal:
Body part that is farther from a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part.
Ex: the fingers are distal to the wrist

10. Relative positions 9. Superficial: 10. Deep: Near the surface
Ex: your epidermis is the most superficial layer of skin. “superficial wound” is on this surface.
10. Deep:
Describes parts that are more internal than superficial parts.
Ex: the dermis is the deep layer of skin. A “deep wound” would be more problematic and possibly require stitches.

12. Other similar terms 11.Cranial: 12.Caudal: 13. Ipsilateral:
Toward the skull/head
12.Caudal:
Toward the tail
13. Ipsilateral:
on the same side
14. Contralateral:
on the opposite side

13. Other similar terms 15. Prone: 16. Supine:
Lying down facing down (on your stomach)
16. Supine:
Lying down facing up (on your back)

14. Body sections (planes)
1. Sagittal
Divides body into left and right portions lengthwise
2. Transverse
Divides body into superior and inferior portions
3. Coronal/Frontal
Divides body into anterior and posterior portions

15. Guess the Planes: coronal, sagittal, or transverse?

17. General Body Organization
Axial Portion- head, neck, trunk
Appendicular Portion- limbs
Each area has a “region”
Several Cavities:
Layers of Membranes within cavities
Variety of organs and organ systems within cavities
(VISCERA = internal organs “visceral organs”

18. Body regions Terms describing different areas of the body…
Fill the terms in on your diagram as we go through them!
1. Abdominal- region between thorax and pelvis (separated even further)
2. Acromial- point of the shoulder
3. Antebrachial- forearm
4. Antecubital- space in front of the elbow
5. Axillary- armpit
6. Brachial- arm
7. Buccal- cheek
8. Carpal- wrist
9. Celiac- abdomen

19. Body regions
10. Cephalic- head 11. Cervical- neck 12. Costal- ribs 13. Coxal- hip 14. Crural- leg 15. Cubital- elbow 16. Digital- finger 17. Dorsal- back 18. Femoral- thigh 19. Frontal- forehead 20. Genital- reproductive organs
P. 3 ended at cephalic

20. Body regions
21. Gluteal- the buttocks 22. Inguinal- groin 23. Lumbar- lower back 24. Mammary- breast 25. Mental- chin 26. Nasal- nose 27. Occipital- lower back of the head 28. Oral- mouth 29. Orbital- eye cavity 30. Otic- ear 31. Palmar- palm of hand 32. Patellar- front of knee 33. Pectoral- chest

21. Body regions
34. Pedal- foot 35. Pelvic- pelvis 36. Perineal- region between anus and external reproductive organs. 37. Plantar- sole of foot 38. Popliteal- area behind knee 39. Sacral- posterior region between hip bones 40. Scapular- shoulder blade 41. Sternal- middle of thorax, anteriorly (sternum) 42. Tarsal- instep of foot 43. Umbilical- navel 44. Vertebral- spinal column

22. Body regions continued
*The next terms are NOT in your textbook but you are still responsible for them. 45. Hallux- big toe 46. Pollex- thumb 47. Calcaneus- heel bone 48. Sural- calf 49. Fibular (peroneal)- side of lower leg 50. Manual- hand

23. Anterior View
(Front)
Posterior View
(Back)

24. Body Cavities
Body cavities are spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs
Dorsal= back side
Cranial and vertebral
Ventral= front side
Thoracic: chest (heart, trachea, lungs)
Abdomen: stomach area (stomach, spleen, liver, SI and most of LI)
Pelvic: lower abdomen (some LI, bladder, reproductive organs)
*Diaphragm: separates thoracic and abdominopelvic regions.

25. Labeling Body Cavities

28. Membranes Serous Membranes: two layered, covers organs
Visceral = inner layer (like your sock)
Parietal = outer layer (like your shoe)

29. Membranes Heart = “pericardium” Lungs = “pleura”
Peritoneum= other organs (abdominal)

30. Abdominal region
The abdominal region can be separated even further.

32. Labeling Body Cavities

33. Medical Imaging
Medical imaging involves techniques that allow physicians to view images of the human body
This allows physicians to diagnose anatomical and physiological abnormalities

34. Medical Imaging Procedures

35. Medical Imaging Procedures

36. Medical Imaging Procedures

37. Medical Imaging Procedures

38. Medical Imaging Procedures

39. Medical Imaging Procedures

40. Case study
Get with the person(s) who have the same case study # at the top of the paper you received when you walked in. Follow the instructions on the handout.
Done early? Choose another disease that effects this system and be ready to share!
When you are completely done with this activity, you may work on your packet and prepare for Friday’s Test.

41. Do Now
What type of medical imaging is being shown?