1. Unit 4 Connecting Hemispheres: 900 - 1800
World History
Unit 4
Connecting Hemispheres:

2. Chapter 20 The Atlantic World, 1492-1800 A.D.
Section 1
Spanish Conquests in the Americas

3. January 26, 2016 CHAPTER FOUR THE ATLANTIC WORLD
Today’s WOW: write cover page for CH. 4
R.A.P. #1 (pg. 132 in ISN)
On page 116, write out the 3 geography questions and answer them.
______________
W.I.O.
use page 121 to write & answer the 2 Geography questions
CHAPTER FOUR THE ATLANTIC WORLD
Essential Question:
What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?
(GET A GLUE STICK-make a pocket!)
Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?

4. Spanish Conquests in the Americas
Objectives
To describe the Spanish conquest of the Americas beginning with Columbus.
To describe the conquest of the Aztec and Inca by the Spanish.
To identify the effects of Spanish colonization on the Americas.
Vocabulary: Christopher Columbus, colony, Hernando Cortez, conquistadors, Montezuma II, Francisco Pizarro, mestizo, encomienda

6. The Voyages of Christopher Columbus
Columbus sailed for Spain, heading west looking for an alternate route to Asia
October 1492, he lands on a Caribbean island (Bahamas) and claims it and other islands for Spain
Columbus returned again in 1493, hoping to establish colonies (lands that are controlled by another nation)…pg. 119

7. January 27, 2016 Taking a few notes on today’s WOW
R.A.P. #2 (pg. 136 ISN)
Answer the 2 Graph questions on page 122
______________
W.I.O.
Read and answer the questions on pg. 118
Taking a few notes on today’s WOW
Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?

8. Voyages of Columbus Goal = sea route to India
San Salvador in Caribbean
los indios (Indians)
Colonies

9. Discoveries of Other Explorers
Amerigo Vespucci
- Declared S. America was Mundus Novus or “New World”
- Americas named after him
Waldseemuller’s Map – labeled S. America after Amerigo

10. Balboa crosses Panama

11. Other Explorers 1500 – Portuguese explorer Cabral reached Brazil
Amerigo Vespucci traveled along coast of S. America; realized it wasn’t Asia
1513 – Spanish explorer, Balboa, crosses Panama to the Pacific
1519- Ferdinand Magellan sailed around tip of South America into Pacific; his crew arrived back in Spain in 1522 – the first people to circumnavigate the world

12. Spanish Conquests in Mexico
Spanish conquistadores (conquerors) looking for gold and silver were the first Europeans to settle in the Americas
1519 – Hernando Cortés lands in Mexico; conquers the Aztecs with superior weapons, horses, help from other native groups who hated the Aztec (remember human sacrifices?), and disease…(pg. 120)
Diseases eventually killed millions of native people of central Mexico

14. Spanish Conquests in Peru
1532 – Francisco Pizarro leads an army into Peru
Meets the Incan leader, Atahualpa, who is kidnapped and then killed
Pizarro’s army then conquers the Incan capital of Cuzco
By the mid-16th century, Spain had created an empire in the Americas..(pg. 122)

17. Spain’s American Empire

18. Encomienda System
System of encomienda in which natives farmed or mined for Spanish landlords for almost no pay—(suffered cruel and harsh treatment)
-Native workers often worked to death

19. Mestizos
Descendants of the peninsulares (Spanish settlers) and native women were mestizos (mixed Spanish and native American)
Spanish settlers imposed their culture on the native population

20. Assessment 1) Columbus’ 1st named island
2) main reason for Columbus’ 2nd voyage
3) lands controlled by another nation
4) he claimed Brazil for Portugal
5) new continent America named for him
6) 1st to circumnavigate the earth
7) he conquered the Aztec Empire
8) this term means ‘conquerors’
9) he conquered the Incan Empire
10) define ‘encomienda’
1) San Salvador
2) Spanish settlement
3) colonies
4) Pedro Alvares Cabral
5) Amerigo Vespucci
6) Ferdinand Magellan
7) Hernando Cortes
8) conquistadors
9) Francisco Pizarro
10) native labor system

22. Spain’s American Empire
Hernando Cortes & Aztecs
conquistadors (conquerors)
gold and silver
Aztec Empire
600 men
Tenochtitlan
Aztec capital
Montezuma II
Aztec emperor
Reasons for conquest
weapons, allies, disease
Francisco Pizarro & Incas
200 men vs. 30,000 men
Atahaulpa
Incan emperor
Spain creates empire in
current day Peru

23. Spanish Conquests in the Americas
Objectives
To describe the Spanish conquest of the Americas beginning with Columbus.
Columbus: San Salvador, Magellan – globe (circumnavigate)
To describe the conquest of the Aztec and Inca by the Spanish.
Cortez - Mexico-Aztec conquest, Pizarro - Peru-Inca conquest, disease and slavery decimate native populations
To identify the effects of Spanish colonization on the Americas.
Spanish advance to N. America, missionaries establish Catholic missions, Native American peoples resist colonization
Vocabulary: Christopher Columbus, colony, Hernando Cortez, conquistadors, Montezuma II, Francisco Pizarro, mestizo, encomienda

24. Chapter 20 The Atlantic World, 1492-1800 A.D.
Section 2
Competing Claims in North America

25. Wednesday, December 17, 2014
R.A.P. #22 (pg. 138 in ISN)
Write and answer 2 geography questions on pg. 130
______________
W.I.O.
What was the French and Indian War fought over? pg “England Battles France”
Take out 4.1 & 4.2 ?’s, glue in after we go over these
-If you were absent, you need to get the notes from my Master ISN or a friend!
- 50 point QUIZ ON 4.1 & 4.2 Thursday!
Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?

26. January 28, 2016 Write and answer 2 geography questions on pg. 130
R.A.P. #3 (pg. 138 in ISN)
Write and answer 2 geography questions on pg. 130
______________
W.I.O.
What was the French and Indian War fought over? pg “England Battles France”
Quiz on Chapter 4.1 and 4.2 tomorrow (open notes)
Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?

27. Competing Claims in North America
Objectives
To identify the French, English, and Dutch colonial activities in North America.
To summarize competing claims in North America.
Vocabulary: New France, Jamestown, Pilgrims, Puritans, New Netherland, French and Indian War

28. Competing Claims in N. America
Settling North America
route to Asia
settle for trade / colonies
New France
Jacques Cartier
St. Lawrence, Montreal
Samuel de Champlain
Quebec
Sieur de La Salle
Louisiana
Establish fur trade rather than colonies
Midwest U.S. & E. Canada
England
Jamestown
gold
70% death rate
1st permanent settlement

29. Competing Claims in N. America
Puritan New England
Pilgrims
Plymouth
separatists
Puritans
Massachusetts Bay
purify
families
Dutch
Henry Hudson
Hudson Bay
Manhattan Island
Dutch West India Co
New Netherland
N. American holdings
Trade
Diversity

30. Competing Claims in N. America
Fight For N. America
James, Duke of York
ousts Dutch (New York)
English colonists
1.3M by 1750
French and Indian War
English defeat French
England gets E. North America
Spain gets Louisiana
Dutch & French / Indians
trade alliance

31. French and Indian Wars

32. Competing Claims in North America
Objectives
To identify the French, English, and Dutch colonial activities in North America.
French - St. Lawrence and Mississippi, fur trade; English - Jamestown, religious freedom; Dutch - diverse population
To summarize competing claims in North America.
English drive Dutch from New Netherland; English defeat French in Seven Years’ War
To describe the Native American response to the land claims made by Europeans.
French & Dutch trade with natives; English colonies conflict; disease decimation
Vocabulary: New France, Jamestown, Pilgrims, Puritans, New Netherland, French and Indian War,

33. January 29, 2016 ______________ W.I.O.
RAP #4 (pg. 140 ISN)
Why did the issues of land and religion cause strife between Native Americans and settlers? Pg. 131 (textbook)
______________
W.I.O.
Who was King Philip? What was King Philip’s War? (pg. 131)
Quiz on Chapter 4.1 and 4.2 today (open notes)
Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?

34. Assessment 1) What passage were Europeans looking for?
2) founded French colony at Quebec
3) French / Dutch traded natives for these
4) 1st permanent English settlement
5) wanted to separate from the English church
6) religious reformers who founded colony at Massachusetts Bay
7) Dutch colony that would later be New York
8) the Europeans who had the most colonists by 1750
9) the winners in the French and Indian War
10) Indian also known as King Philip
1) western route to Asia
2) Champlain
3) beaver furs
4) Jamestown
5) Pilgrims
6) Puritans
7) New Netherland
8) English
9) England
10) Metacom

35. Dutch Hudson Bay Company

37. Chapter 20 The Atlantic World, 1492-1800 A.D.
Section 3
The Atlantic Slave Trade

38. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Objectives
To summarize the evolution of the slave trade.
To describe the triangular trade and the middle passage.
To describe the life of slaves in the colonies.
To identify the consequences of the Atlantic slave trade.
Vocabulary: Atlantic slave trade, triangular trade, middle passage

39. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Evolution of Slavery
Africa
minor institution
Islam - 7th century
non-Muslim POWs
4.8 million slaves
men - military
women - domestic servants
not hereditary
European Colonies
mines and plantations
Advantages
immunity to European diseases
experience in farming
less likely to escape

40. The Atlantic Slave Trade
buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas
: 300,000
: 1.5 million
: 9.5 million
Spain
st to import slaves
mines and plantations
Portugal
Brazilian sugar plantations
3.6 million
Caribbean
sugar, tobacco, coffee
North America
400,000 imported slaves

41. The Atlantic Slave Trade

42. The Atlantic Slave Trade
African Rulers
Africans captured inland
Slave port cities
gold, guns, metal tools
Triangular Trade
Europe to Africa
slaves
Africa to Americas
sugar, coffee, tobacco
Americas to Europe
Middle Passage
per ship
20% death rate
disease, suicide, executions

43. The Atlantic Slave Trade

44. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Slavery in America
highest bidder
mines, fields, domestics
hereditary
Resistance
sabotage, slowdowns, escape, rebellions
Consequences
lost generations
families torn apart
introduction of firearms
economic development
cultural diffusion
mixed populations

45. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Objectives
To summarize the evolution of the slave trade.
Spain, Portugal, Holland, France, and England import slaves; Many Africans profit, some rulers oppose
To describe the triangular trade and the middle passage.
Europe, to Africa, to Americas;Middle passage=millions of slaves;
1 in 5 African slaves die in middle passage
To describe the life of slaves in the colonies.
Africans sold for work on plantations or mines; slaves resist through sabotage, uprisings, escape, and heritage preservation
To identify the consequences of the Atlantic slave trade.
African families torn apart; loss of African generations; Americas economies prosper; multicultural Americas populations
Vocabulary: Atlantic slave trade, triangular trade, middle passage