1. GET IT DONE! Explain in your own words how there was a shift from EXPLORERS to CONQUISTADORS?

2. Spain Builds an Empire Was Columbus a hero or a villain? Should there be a holiday? Those are your opinions, here is what you need to know! Sailed west in 1492 in search of a trade route to Asia. NINA, PINTA & SANTA MARIA reached the Bahamas in the Caribbean Not los indios, but the Taino (The people who accepted Columbus with open arms & were “connected” to the Spanish)

3. Columbus Finds New Land Claims land San Salvador or “Holy Savior” No Gold? “It was my wish to bypass no island without taking possession” Spain finances three more voyages! 1493-1495 1498 1502-1503 What are there intentions with Americas now? – Trade routes into colonization

4. Civilization Chart! In groups of 4 make a chart: – Mayan – Aztec – Incan (2 people read) MayanAztecIncan Location Religion Economic Government Society Inventions

5. Panama Vasco Nunez de Balboa crosses the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 Becomes first person to reach the Pacific Ocean.

6. Read “Cortes Conquers the Aztecs" Why may it be difficult for Cortes to conquer the Aztecs? How do the Aztecs greet Cortes? Similar to the Taino? How are the reports back to Spain from Cortes similar to Columbus? Why were the Aztecs considered savages? How does Cortes defeat the Aztecs?

7. Mexico 1519: Hernando Cortes lands in Mexico. Cortes reaches Tenochtitlan, Aztec capital. Aztec Emperor Montezuma II greets them with gifts (gold). Spanish finally conquer Aztecs in 1521 3 major reasons – Superior weapons – Malinche? – Disease

8. Read “Malinche” Who is Malinche? How does she impact the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs?

9. Peru 1532 Francisco Pizarro arrives in South America Pizarro crushes the Incans, kidnaps Atahualpa Spanish execute Atahualpa even though he provides ransom Pizarro conquers Incan capital Cuzco in 1533

10. Read “Atahualpa” Who is Atahualpa? Why did his execution cause problems in Spain?

11. Mixing of Cultures Peninsulares: – Spanish settlers to the Americas (mostly men) Mestizo: – Mixed Spanish & Native American population Encomienda: Read “Encomienda” – Natives paid tribute in the form of labor

12. Spain pushes North 1513: – Juan Ponce de Leon claims modern-day Florida 1540-1541: – Francisco Vasquez de Coronado voyaged through modern-day Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. – Not much gold, Monarchy sends priests to spread Catholic religion

13. Portugal Voyages to East? In 1500, Pedro Alvares Cabral claims modern day Brazil for Portugal. In 1501, Amerigo Vespucci, Italian exploring for Portugal, claims land a “new” world 1507 continent is named “America” in honor of Vespucci. 1530 began settling Brazil and set up prosperous sugar plantations

15. Impact of Women Read the text about two women who greatly impacted the Spanish Empire and supported the convergence of continents. – Who are they? – How did they impact the empire? – How did they support the merging of continents? – How are these two women similar to Malinche?