2. The Renaissance Europe’s Entrance into the Modern World Ancient TimesMiddle AgesModern Times Ancient Greece & Rome Feudal Europe The Renaissance

3. GovernmentCultureReligionTechnologyGeography PoliticsArtReformationExplorationPhysical EconomicsLiterature Counter- Reformation Scientific Revolution Political

4. Black Death

5. What was the Black Death? Deadly plague spread across Europe from 1346-1352 Caused by bacteria - 3 forms Pneumonic - attacks lungs Bubonic - causes buboes on the body Septicemic - appears in blood stream

6. How did the Black Death spread throughout Europe? Began in Asia Carried by fleas on rats Italian merchant ships brought rats to Europe First appeared in Sicily

7. Why couldn’t people stop the spread of the Black Death? People blamed the stars, God’s anger, and the Jews They tried all kinds of ineffective cures

8. How did the Black Death change life in Europe? Killed 1/3 of the population Peasants revolted and demanded more freedoms Working classes moved to cities for better wages Reduced the power of feudal lords

9. Deadly plague spread across Europe from 1346-1352 Caused by bacteria- 3 forms 1.Pneumonic -attacks lungs 2.Bubonic -causes buboes on the body 3.Septicemic-- appears in blood stream Began in Asia Carried by fleas on rats Italian merchant ships brought rats to Europe First appeared in Sicily Killed one third of the population Peasants revolted and demanded more freedoms Working classes moved to cities for better wages Reduced the power of feudal lords People blamed the stars, God’s anger, and the Jews They tried all kinds of ineffective cures

10. The Hundred Years’ War

11. How did the War begin? French King Charles IV died 1328 - no heir Two men attempted to claim the throne Edward III of England – grandson Philip of Valois - nephew English Armies attacked

12. How did the nature of warfare change? Longbows eliminated need for heavy armor Cannons blasted holes in castles Monarchs used armies made up of common people

13. Who was Joan of Arc and how did she change the course of the war? French peasant girl inspired by God to save France Convinced Charles VII to let her lead army against English in 1429 Helped push English out of central France Captured, accused of heresy, and burned at the stake in 1431 - sainted in 1922

14. How did the war contribute to the end of feudalism in France? People become patriotic and devoted to monarchs instead of lords Monarchs built huge armies with taxes Nobles lost power

15. French king Charles IV died in 1328- no heir Two men attempted to claim the throne -Edward III of England- son-in-law -Philip of Valois-nephew English Armies attack French peasant girl inspired by God to save France Convinced Charles VII to let her lead army against English in 1429 Helped push English out of central France Captured, accused of heresy, and burned at the stake in 1431- sainted in 1922 Longbows eliminated armor Cannons blasted holes in castles Monarchs used armies of common people People became patriotic and devoted to monarchs instead of lords Monarchs built huge armies with taxes- Nobles lost power

16. Trade and Commerce Change Town Life

17. A B C

18. Foundations of Town Life Towns were centers for trade & shipping Luxury items- silk, spices, ivory, and porcelain could be bought Guilds dominated social and civic life in towns - built cathedrals, adopted patron saints, sponsored parades

19. Town Life during Middle Ages Towns were small - most people farmed in the countryside. Nobles had most of the power Lords owned the land towns were located on. Towns needed protection of the lord’s knights Status was determined by birthright

20. Town Life during Renaissance Towns grew as people moved to trade and make a better living Middle class had most of power - Lords were forced to grant charters. Middle class controlled money by organizing banks Status was determined by wealth and ability

21. Towns were centers of trade and shipping Luxury items- silk, spices, ivory, and porcelain could be bought Guilds dominated social and civic life in towns - built cathedrals, adopted patron saints, sponsored parades Towns were small because most people farmed in the countryside. Nobles had most of the power - Lords owned the land towns were located on. Towns needed the protection of the lord’s knights Status was determined by birthright Towns grew as people moved to trade and make a better living Middle class had most of the power- Lords were forced to grant charters. Middle class controlled money by organizing banks Status was determined by wealth and ability

24. Maintained wool and silk trade as well as traded luxury items from the East Sold insurance to sea traders to protect their investments. Created banks and made loans or exchanged currencies. Medici family promoted trade, banking, and art Traded with Byzantine and Muslim merchants Each city-state specialized in one commercial activity- metal goods, banking, textiles Monarchs and nobles sought loans from merchants RENAISSANCE- means “Rebirth” revival in arts and learning Scholars interested in ancient Greek and Roman culture Artists created works with classic themes

26. -Crusades made people interested in world around them. Believed ancient Greek and Roman writings would help solve problems. Artists used ancient art as a model Artists created statues and buildings after Roman ruins Revolutionary innovations were made Believed each person could achieve great things here on earth rather than the afterlife People educated in the classics could create a better world Studied ancient writings Learned subjects like Latin, Greek, history, and mathematics