1. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 1 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Content Vocabulary intoxication delirium tremors formaldehyde fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

2. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 2 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Alcohol has immediate and long-term effects on the body. The effects depend on the size of the dose of alcohol.

3. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 3 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Alcohol impairs the central nervous system. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

4. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 4 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Alcohol can mix with both fatty and watery substances, which means it can go anywhere in the body and affects every cell of the body. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

5. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 5 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Immediate Effects Alcohol impairs many organs and body functions: Liver. The liver changes alcohol into wastes but can only handle about one drink per hour. If a person drinks more, it enters the bloodstream. Lungs. The lungs excrete a little ethanol from the bloodstream as a gas exhaled in breath. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

6. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 6 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Immediate Effects Alcohol impairs many organs and body functions: Blood vessels. Alcohol allows blood vessels of the skin to widen, causing skin to feel warm and appear flushed. Nerves and brain. Alcohol depresses the part of the nervous system that sets limits on behavior. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

7. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 7 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Immediate Effects Alcohol affects the brain, muscles, nerves, glands, and small blood vessels of the skin, within minutes of drinking it. Alcohol is a depressant and small amounts of alcohol sedate the brain’s cerebral cortex, where conscious learning takes place. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

8. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 8 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Immediate Effects Alcohol can affect a person in the following ways: Loss of awareness of recent events, insecurities, worries, discomfort, and pain. Disturbed sleep and reduced ability to perform or learn mental tasks. Inhibited awareness often leading to emotional behavior. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

9. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 9 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Immediate Effects Some research shows that drinking red wine in moderation may protect against heart disease. However, other studies show that even one drink a day raises the risk of certain types of cancer. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

10. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 10 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Immediate Effects A moderate drinker may consume up to one drink per day for a female and two for a male. Alcohol is a risk factor in accidents, homicides, and suicides amongst teens. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

11. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 11 << BACK NEXT >> HOME With increasing doses of alcohol, behavior becomes more unpredictable and judgment is affected. Intoxication is a term often used to mean drunkenness. Excessive Drinking intoxication A state of being poisoned

12. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 12 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Excessive drinking can cause a person to lose consciousness. It is possible to drink enough alcohol fast enough so that it continues to be absorbed into the bloodstream after a person loses consciousness. This can lead to death. Excessive Drinking

13. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 13 << BACK NEXT >> HOME The Role of the Liver The liver removes toxic substances from the intestines before they reach other body organs, such as the heart and brain. However, the liver itself can be damaged by alcohol. Excessive Drinking

14. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 14 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Why Do Drinkers Get Hangovers? Hangovers are a mild form of alcohol withdrawal caused by too much alcohol intake. Symptoms of hangover include headache, pain, and nausea usually felt the morning after drinking. Only time can cure a hangover. Excessive Drinking

15. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 15 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Delirium is a severe state of alcohol withdrawal. Excessive Drinking delirium A state of mental confusion, usually with hallucinations and continual movement.

16. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 16 << BACK NEXT >> HOME If a drinker experiences tremors, immediate medical treatment is needed as these are a warning sign that death may occur. Excessive Drinking tremors Continuous quivering or shaking

17. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 17 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Why Do Drinkers Get Hangovers? Hangovers are caused by the following factors: The amount of alcohol consumed. The dehydration that occurs when alcohol reduces the body’s water content. The loss of water from brain cells which can cause pain as they rehydrate and swell back to size. Excessive Drinking

18. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 18 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Formaldehyde, another cause of hangover, forms when the body breaks down alcohol. Why Do Drinkers Get Hangovers? Excessive Drinking formaldehyde A substance related to alcohol

19. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 19 << BACK NEXT >> HOME The effects of excessive drinking add up over time, causing severe health damage. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

20. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 20 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Liver Liver disease, or cirrhosis, is the most common disease to occur among abusers of alcohol. High blood pressure is an effect of liver damage. Liver damage weakens the body’s defenses against infection. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

21. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 21 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Liver Alcohol causes the liver cells to fill with fat. If the time between bouts of drinking is not long enough to permit this fat to be removed, the liver cells harden, lose their ability to function, and die. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

22. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 22 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Liver The liver makes fat from alcohol and the fat collects in the blood vessels, heart muscle, liver, and under the skin at the hips, belly, legs, and other fatty areas. Other times, the alcohol abuser becomes too sick to eat and the toxic effects of alcohol cause the muscles and other tissues to wither. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

23. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 23 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Brain and Other Effects Even moderate alcohol use causes the brain to shrink. Excessive long-term drinking can cause major, permanent brain damage. Alcohol use increases risk of cancers of the mouth, throat, lungs, liver, pancreas, and rectum. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

24. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 24 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Brain and Other Effects Alcohol abuse can cause: Abnormal changes in the blood; kidney, bladder, and gland damage can result from alcohol abuse. Reproductive problems and testicle shrinkage. Diabetes, lung damage, skin rashes, ulcers, and muscle shrinkage. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

25. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 25 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Fetal alcohol syndrome can be avoided by abstaining from alcohol during pregnancy. Risks to Unborn Babies Long Term Effects of Drinking fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) A cluster of birth defects, including permanent mental, and physical retardation and facial abnormalities as seen in children born to mothers who abuse alcohol during pregnancy

26. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 26 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Define delirium. delirium A state of mental confusion usually with hallucinations and continual movement Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary

27. Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 27 << BACK NEXT >> HOME Name the substance made by the body from alcohol that contributes to a hangover. formaldehyde A substance related to alcohol Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary

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