1. Chapter 8 The Universe Study Guide

2. Lesson #1 Earth and Sun What is gravity? -A force of attraction or pull between any 2 objects What is inertia? -the tendency of an object to keep moving in a straight line What is an orbit? -a path one object takes around another What is difference between inertia and gravity? -inertia keep objects traveling in a straight line and gravity pulls objects into and orbit

3. What causes seasons? Seasons occur because…… - earth rotates on a tilted axis so that sunlight hits parts of earth at different angles A revolution is? - one complete trip around the sun or 365.25 days A rotation is? - a complete spin on the axis every 24 hours

4. Do you know your seasons? What is an equinox? when the days and nights are the same length When are they? March 21 st and September 21 st What is a solstice? The shortest and longest days of the year When are they? June 21 st – longest December 21 st - shortest

5. Earth and Moon Lesson #2 A phase of the moon is? the appearance and shape of the moon as you see it at a particular time Starting with a full moon, what are the phases of the moon in a month? waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent, new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter waxing gibbous….full

6. Draw and label the phases

7. What causes tides? the pull of gravity between the moon and earth and the sun and earth What is a tide? the rise and fall of the oceans surface

8. Higher high tides and lower low tides are called? SPRING TIDES What causes them? THE SUN AND MOON LINE UP AND PULL IN THE SAME DIRECTION Moderate tides are called? NEAP TIDES They occur during ???? first quarter and last quarter moon phases

9. Stars and Universe Lesson #4 How do stars form?

10. Stars Lifecycle Average Stars –Nebula –Protostar –Developed star –Red Giant –White dwarf Giant Stars –N–Nebula –P–Protostar –D–Developed Star –S–Super Giant –S–Supernova Black Holes or Neutron Star

11. There is still more!!!!! What is the unit scientists use to measure distances in space? Light-year A light-year is? the distance light travels in a year about 9.5 billion kilometers or 5.9 billion miles

12. Galaxies Name the 3 kinds of galaxies Spiral Elliptical irregular

13. What else can you do? Know all vocabulary listed on page 419 of you text book. Practice drawing the moon phases Practice drawing the lifecycles of stars Review all papers, foldables and notes Check www.macmillanmh.com, Chapter 8

14. Good Luck