1. Chapter 15

2.  a. Third or Last Quarter Moon  b. Waxing crescent Moon  c. First Quarter Moon  d. Full Moon  e. New Moon

3.  a. a month  b. a year  c. a day  d. a season  e. the Earth to tilt

4.  a. rotates, year  b. revolves, day  c. travels, month  d. orbits, season  e. revolves, year  f. rotates, day

5.  a. December 21st  b. March 21st  c. September 21st  d. June 21st

6.  a.1st quarter Moon  b. last or 3rd quarter Moon  c. waning crescent  d. waxing gibbous  e. waxing crescent

7.  a. partial solar eclipse  b. total solar eclipse  c. partial lunar eclipse  d. total lunar eclipse

8.  a. about 8:30 a.m. the next day  b. about 9:30 p.m.  c. Tides are unpredictable.  d. about 9:00 p.m.

9.  a. full  b. last quarter  c. first quarter  d. new  e. crescent

10.  a. The Moon is nearer to Earth than during a total solar eclipse.  b. The Sun is nearer to Earth than during a total solar eclipse.  c. The Moon is farther from Earth than during a total solar eclipse.  d. The Sun is farther from Earth than during a total solar eclipse.

11.  a. Moon farther from Earth than the Sun  b. Full Moon between Earth and Sun  c. Moon between Earth and Sun  d. Earth between Sun and Moon

12.  a. The Earth’s rotation is faster than the Moon’s orbital speed around the Earth.  b. The Moon’s orbital plane is more tilted than the Earth’s axial tilt.  c. The Moon orbits the Earth faster than Earth orbits the Sun.  d. The Earth’s shadow is larger than the Moon’s shadow.

13.  a. The tilt of the Earth’s axis is toward the Sun during the summer allowing the Sun’s rays to more directly hit the Earth.  b. The rotation of the Earth slows during the summer allowing days to be longer than nights.  c. The Sun releases more energy during summer than in winter.  d. The Earth is closer to the Sun in summer than in winter because of the Earth’s elliptical orbit.

14.  a. when the Earth and Moon are in a line  b. when the Earth, Moon and Sun are all in a line  c. when the Earth and Moon are in a line and the Sun is perpendicular to them  d. when the Moon and Sun are in a line and the Earth is perpendicular to them

15. A. Umbra B. Penumbra C. Apogee D. Perigee E. Spring tide F. Neap tide

16. 1. Winter in the southern hemisphere. 2. Summer in the eastern hemisphere. 3. Spring in the northern hemisphere. 4. Fall in the western hemisphere. 5. Winter in the northern hemisphere. 6. Summer in the northern hemisphere.

17. 1. A person in Japan sees a full moon. 2. A person in the USA has daylight. 3. A person in the USA sees a new moon. 4. A person in Brazil, South America sees a new moon.

18. 1. Earth revolves around the sun. 2. The moon rotates on its axis. 3. The moon revolves around Earth. 4. The Earth rotates on its axis.

19. 1. The sun, moon and Earth line up in a straight line. 2. When there is equal number of hours of day and night. 3. When the sun and moon are at right angles to the Earth. 4. When the sun and moon are the same distance from Earth. 5. When the moon’s gravity is stronger than the sun’s gravity

20. 1. Spring tide 2. Neap tide 3. Vernal equinox 4. Solstice tide

21. 1. Spring, winter 2. Equinoxes 3. Solstices 4. Spring and neap tides

22. 1. Waning crescent 2. Full moon 3. Third quarter 4. Waxing gibbous 5. Waning gibbous

23. 1. Waxing crescent 2. Waning crescent 3. Waxing gibbous 4. Waning gibbous 5. First quarter 6. Third quarter 7. New moon

24. 1. First quarter 2. Waxing crescent 3. Waning crescent 4. Waxing gibbous 5. Waning gibbous 6. New moon 7. Full moon

25. 1. Rising on the horizon 2. Directly overhead 3. Setting on the horizon 4. Wouldn’t see the sun

26. 1. New 2. Full 3. First quarter 4. Third quarter 5. Crescent 6. Gibbous