1. T HE REASON WHY J APANESE A NIMATIONS B ECOME W IDESPREAD Natsuki Aramaki Preparatory English for International Students Ⅰ Oral Presentation

2. 1.A BOUT J APANESE A NIMATIONS Do you know…

3. 2 ． W HAT IS S UBCULTURE ? Origin of subculture ○The old time… High culture by bourgeoisies and intellectuals ○In ２０ century The age of Popular Culture Main culture dominated Social ⇔ minority ○In 1960’s An antiwar movement of Vietnam War →The meaning of culture changes →Main culture swings, and subculture become conspicuous

4. 3.S UBCULTURE IN J APAN In 1980’s ○The thinking of subculture imported to Japan. ○At the beginning,… ○SF, occultism, disco, club music, street fasion, under ground were included In 1990’s ○Comic books and animation media mixed like comics became animation, animation became novels →Otaku culture was born

5. 4. W HEN DID S UBCULTURE BECOME P OPULAR I N J APAN ? After the World War Ⅱ ○Walt Disney’s movie “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” has imported to Japan. → Japanese animators moved ○Animations has become widespread with spreading of televisions

6. 5.T HE C HARACTERISTICS OF J APANESE A NIMATION (A)There are a lot of variation of animation Ex)love story, SF, fantasy, sports, comedy, horror, history, cooking, mystery, adventure, music…etc →They can engross not only children but also adults. (B)Japanese animators can’t use more money than that of U.S.A. →They contrive how to make animations. Ex)still image, rotoscope, pan

7. 6. H OW TO SPREAD TO THE WORLD In 1963 ○ “Astro boy(Osamu Teduka,1963)” was exported to the U.S.A. In 1970’s ○Exporting animations became more popular. In 1999 ○Pokemon has become dramatically popular in the world.

8. 8. S UMMERY